摘 要：在“法治是什么”这一问题上，我们不妨延续亚里士多德的逻辑框架，区分法治的政治面向与法律面向。在这个大框架里，得以将法治的诸种要素妥善安置。在“社会—法治—法律”这个逻辑链条上，“法治”作为媒介，将社会与法律联结起来，社会对法治的要求可被概括为法治概念的政治面向，而法治对法律的要求则可被概括为法治的法律面向。法治的实体价值为法治的政治面向所涵盖，而法治的形式价值为法治概念的法律面向所涵盖。法治的形式价值仅仅在法律自身寻找则可，它指的是那些使法律自所以成为法律、法律规范自所以能够区别于道德规范、宗教规范的特性。法治的实体价值来自于法律之外的社会，是作为社会治理工具的法律本身应当体现的理想追求与价值目标。

关键词：法治；普世主义法治观；本土主义法治观

中图分类号：D920.0文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-4379-（2018）23-0006-05

作者简介：王培君，法学博士，河南漯河人，厦门大学嘉庚学院，讲师，主要从事法理学研究。

Abstract：On the question of "what is the rule of law，" we may wish to extend Aristotle's logical framework and distinguish the political and legal aspects of the rule of law.In this grand framework，the various elements of the rule of law are properly placed.On the logical link of "society-rule of law-law"，"rule of law" serves as a medium that links society with law.The social demand for the rule of law can be summed up as the political orientation of the rule of law，while the rule of law for law is summed up as The Legal Orientation of the Rule of Law The substantive value of the rule of law is covered by the political orientation of the rule of law，while the formal value of the rule of law is covered by the legal aspects of the rule of law.The formal value of the rule of law comes from the law itself，referring to the characteristics that make it possible for the law to become law，and the legal norms from which they can be distinguished from moral norms and religious norms.The substantive value of the rule of law comes from the society outside the law and is the ideal pursuit and the value goal that the law as a tool of social governance should manifest itself.

Key words：Rule of Law；Universal Opinion of Rule of Law；Nativistic Opinion of rule by law

正如海德格尔在其著作《存在与时间》中引用柏拉图的表述那样：“当你们用‘是或‘存在这样的词，显然你们早就很熟悉这些词的意思，不过，虽然我们也曾以为自己是懂得的，现在却感到困惑不安。”①只要去正视“法治”一词，我们同样倍感困惑。由于“法治”一词的高使用率，使得具有很强的语境性，导致它的多面性。学者对法治的不同理解之多，乃至于拉兹认为，“鉴于近年来对‘法治这一表述的滥用，无怪乎我的主张将警示许多人。……