巫流民 巫瑾 何平

摘 要：为阐明中国林科院亚林中心农村回归地方后对其科研环境、基础设施建设、综合社会治理、新型场村关系和林农生活等的影响。采用问卷调查法对亚林中心及周围农村125名相关人员进行了调查。结果表明，亚林中心农村回归地方后，科研环境得到改善，新增经费、论文数量和科研林面积均明显增加，对农村工作投入的经费和工作量减少；但科研劳务单价提高，雇工难度增加，林地林权争议问题明显增多，基础设施建设沟通难度和成本增加，场村和谐程度变差，幼林管护和森林防火管理增加；农村经济收入、享受政策待遇和基础设施建设有所改善，林农生活质量明显改善；对亚林中心职工生活方面的影响不大。研究结果可为亚林中心新型场村关系建设提供科学依据。

关键词：农村；回归地方；国有林场；场村关系；影响

中图分类号 S722 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2018）15-0008-04

Abstract：In order to clarify the influence on the research environment， infrastructure construction， comprehensive social governance， new forest farm and village relations and the life of forest farmers after the return of rural areas to the subtropical forestry experimental center of China academy of forestry（SCAF）. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate 125 related personnel in this institution and its surrounding rural areas. The results showed that after the rural return to the place， the scientific research environment has been improved， the amount of new scientific funds， the number of papers and the new experimental forest were obviously increased， and the funds and workload of the investment in rural work have been reduced. The difficulty and cost of building communication increased， the harmony of the village and village was worse， the management of young forest and the management of forest fire increased； the economic income of the forest farmers， the enjoyment of the policy treatment and the construction of the infrastructure were improved， the quality of the forest farmers life was obviously improved， and the impact on the life of the staff of the subtropical forestry experimental center of China academy of forestry was little. The research results can provide a scientific basis for the construction of new village relations in the center.

Key words：Countryside；Returning to the local government；State-owned Forest Farms；Field village relationship；Impact

国有林场是我国林业生产和生态建设中的主体[1]。近年来，我国在如何促进国有林场改革、促进可持续发展等方面，开展了大量的理论与实践探索[2-8]。国有林场与周边场村关系的矛盾问题妥善处理是保障国有林场工作顺利开展的基础，也是国有林场日常工作的主要内容，对我国生态、经济和社会实现协调、永续发展具有重要意义[9]。

中国林科院亚热带林业实验中心成立于1979年，是中国林科院在亚热带地区的科研平台。2015年以前，亚林中心下属4个国有实验林场，管辖4个村委会，35个村民小组，总人口3128人，总户数826户。……