莫丽平 黄晓莲

[摘要]目的 分析對比心理护理在不同文化层次不孕症患者中的应用效果。方法 随机选择本院2016年5月～2017年5月收治的120例不孕症患者作为研究对象，根据不同的文化层次将其分为实验组（大专以上学历）、观察组（高中及初中学历）、对照组（小学学历），各40例。所有患者均实施常规护理+心理护理，分析对比护理效果。结果 三组护理后的负面心理评分均低于护理前，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组护理后的负面心理评分明显低于观察组及对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。三组护理后的家庭功能评分、社会适应性评分均高于护理前，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组护理后的家庭功能评分、社会适应性评分明显高于观察组及对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 在不孕症患者临床护理中，针对不同文化层次患者实施心理护理干预，既可改善负面心理，又可提高患者家庭功能评分及社会适应性评分，且文化层次越高，护理效果越好，临床应用价值较高，值得推广。

[关键词]心理护理；不同文化层次；不孕症；应用效果

[中图分类号] R473.71 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）6（b）-0178-04

Comparison of the application effect of psychological nursing in infertile patients at different cultural levels

MO Li-ping HUANG Xiao-lian

The First of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology，Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Maoming City，Guangdong Province，Maoming 525000，China

[Abstract]Objective To analyze and compare the application effect of psychological nursing on infertile patients at different cultural levels.Methods A total of 120 patients with infertility who were admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to May 2017 were randomly selected as study subjects.According to different cultural levels，they were divided into the experimental group （college degree or above），the observation group （high school and junior middle school education） and the control group （primary school education），40 patients in each groups.All patients were treated with routine nursing and psychological nursing.The effect of nursing was analyzed and compared.Results The negative psychology of the three groups after nursing was lower than that before nursing，and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.The negative psychological score after nursing in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the observation group and the control group，and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.After nursing，family function scores and social adaptability scores of the three groups were higher than those before nursing，the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.The family function scores and social adaptability scores of the experimental group after nursing were significantly higher than those of the observation group and the control group，and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.Conclusion In the clinical nursing of patients with infertility，psychological nursing interventions for patients of different cultural levels can not only improve the negative psychology，but also improve the family function scores and social adaptability scores.The higher the cultural level，the better the nursing effect，with high clinical application value，it is worth promoting.

[Key words]Psychological nursing；Different cultural levels；Infertility；Application effect

不孕症属于临床常见病、多发病，临床将不孕定义为1年未采取任何避孕措施，有正常的性生活（每周2次及以上）而没有怀孕[1]。临床将不孕症主要分为原发不孕及继发不孕，原发不孕为从未受孕，继发不孕为曾经怀过孕。不孕症属于临床常见的问题，至少影响到10%～15%的育龄夫妇[2]。不孕症主要是由于输卵管异常、排卵障碍、不明原因的不孕、子宫内膜异位症及其他免疫学不孕等导致，对患者身心健康及生活质量造成严重影响[3]。在临床治疗中，根据患者实际情况给予相应的治疗，但由于不孕症病程较长，需要患者长期配合治疗，再加上患者对病情了解程度不够，易降低治疗依从性，从而影响治疗效果，故实施有效的心理护理至关重要。不孕症患者受到社会、家庭、疾病本身等多方面因素的影响，易增加患者精神压力[5]，其中家庭是不孕症患者缓解压力、减少负性情绪的重要场所，因此，家庭的支持对提高不孕症患者社会适应性发挥着重要作用。……