摘要：变异函数是区域化变量空间性分析的有效工具。文章以春都铜矿为研究对象，以DIMINE三维矿业软件为平台，通过野外地质调查及系统资料收集，对Cu元素进行统计分析，沿走向、倾向及厚度方向构建了变异函数球状模型，确立了矿（化）体主要变化方向上的变异函数参数，得出：Cu元素品位具几何异向性特征，结合模型叠加的方法，构建了各向异性的套合结构模型，结合矿（化）体的空间展布及赋存特征，总结得出Cu沿水平方向（走向、倾向）上具较大随机性，而沿垂向（厚度方向）表现出相对连续性。通过变异函数模型的拟合、校验，表明变异函数模型构建合理，成矿元素品位空间变异性分析结果准确，可为矿床矿化规律研究提供关键依据，为矿山企业后续生产提供科学指导。

关键词：地质统计学；变异函数；春都；铜矿；DIMINE

Structural analysis of variation function for Tongdu copper deposit in western Yunnan Province

Wan Zaichun

（Yunnan Diqing Mining Development Co.，Ltd.，Diqing，Yunnan 674400）

Abstract：The variation function is an effective tool for researching the spatial structure of regionalized variables. Taking Chundu copper deposit as a research object，the author collected and analyzed the copper element data on the basis of field geological surveying and systematical data collection，established a corresponding spherical model of variation function in the direction of strike，dip and thickness based on DIMINE three-dimensional mining software，and finally decided the variation parameters on the main change direction of ore body. It is concluded that the grade of Cu element is geometrically anisotropic. The anisotropic nested structure model has constructed by the method of model superposition. In addition，this article indicates the copper element has stronger randomness in the horizontal direction（strike，dip）and shows the stronger continuity in the vertical（thickness）direction. The result of model fitting and verification shows that this research acquires a reasonable variation function model and accurate copper element grade spatial variability，which provides key basis for the research of mineralization law of ore deposits，and provides scientific guidance for the follow-up mine production.

Key words：Geostatistics，variation function，Chundu，copper deposit，DIMINE

引言

義敦-中甸地区是印支期、燕山期及喜马拉雅期俯冲、走滑转换造山等共同作用的产物，频繁的岩浆活动多伴随着矿化作用的产生，目前中甸岛弧构造带已成为我国又一瞩目的斑岩型Cu多金属成矿带，春都斑岩铜矿大地构造位置既是处于巴颜喀拉-甘孜褶皱系印支期义敦-中甸岛弧带南端的中甸弧内，格咱深大断裂东侧、格顶水背斜东翼，是特提斯-喜马拉雅斑岩成矿带三江成矿亚带南段典型的斑岩型铜矿床[1-3]。区内经历了多期次的剧烈构造运动，前人通过研究，将整个中甸弧整体划分为中部的蛇绿混杂岩带及东、西两个斑岩带，春都铜矿与雪鸡坪、烂泥塘等斑岩（矽卡岩）铜矿床共同组成西带的代表矿床[4，5]。……