益气化痰法对高血压合并颈动脉斑块形成的疗效及其对血清骨桥蛋白的影响
2018-10-21谢慧君孔祥照郭春苗
谢慧君 孔祥照 郭春苗
摘要 目的:探討益气化痰法对高血压合并颈动脉斑块形成的疗效及其对血清骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)的影响。方法:选取2016年3月至2017年3月广州市中医院心血管科收治的高血压合并颈动脉斑块形成患者62例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为观察组与对照组,每组31例。对照组给予苯磺酸氨氯地平和(或)厄贝沙坦控制血压,用阿托伐他汀钙调节血脂;观察组则在对照组控制血压方案上,给予益气化痰方治疗。2组连续治疗3个月。观察2组患者的临床症状和血压情况,采用中医证候评分进行总体评价。颈动脉彩色多普勒检查2组患者治疗前后颈动脉内膜-中层厚度。检测2组患者治疗前后血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白A1和载脂蛋白B以及OPN。检测2组患者治疗前后血清谷草转氨酶与谷丙转氨酶水平。结果:观察组患者总有效率为93.55%(29/31),对照组总有效率则为70.96%(22/31),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后颈动脉内膜-中层厚度明显小于对照组,(1.17±0.28)mm比(1.43±0.26)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后斑块面积亦明显小于对照组,(3.12±0.73)cm2比(3.94±0.96)cm2,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后血清TC(4.29±1.52)mmol/L比(5.37±0.87)mmol/L、TG(1.74±0.43)比(2.65±0.68)mmol/L与LDL(1.65±0.89)mmol/L比(2.87±1.12)mmol/L均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而观察组治疗后血清HDL(1.94±0.41)mmol/L比(1.23±0.38)mmol/L水平则高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疗程结束后2组外周血OPN水平均较治疗前有所下调,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:益气化痰方能够显著改善高血压合并颈动脉斑块形成患者的临床证候,不仅能够抑制颈动脉内膜-中层增厚,且能通过减少TC、TG、LDL及OPN的水平和提高HDL水平,从而起到抑制脂质斑块形成及保护颈动脉器官损伤的作用。
关键词 益气化痰;高血压;颈动脉斑块;血清骨桥蛋白;内膜-中层厚度;中医药;胆固醇;载脂蛋白
AbstractObjective:Tostudythecurativeeffectoftonifyingqiandresolvingphlegmmethodonhypertensioncomplicatedwithcarotidarteryplaqueformation.Methods:Atotalof62patientswithhypertensioncomplicatedwithcarotidarteryplaqueformationwhotreatedincardiovasculardivisionofGuangzhouhospitalduringMarch,2016toMarch2017,weredividedintoobservationgroupandcontrolgroupaccordingtorandomnumbertablemethod,with31casesineachgroup.Thecontrolgrouphadamlodipinebesylatetabletsand/orirbesartantocontrolbloodpressure,theatorvastatincalciumtoregulatebloodlipids;Theobservationgrouphadtonifyingqiandresolvingphlegmmethodonthebasicofbloodpressuresolutionofthecontrolgroup.Bothofthetwogroupshadcontinuoustreatmentfor3months.Theclinicalsymptomsandbloodpressureconditions,proceedoverallevaluationbyusingTCMsyndromescoresoftwogroupswereobserved.Carotidarterycolordopplerexaminationwasusedtocheckcarotidintima-middlethicknessinthetwogroupsbeforeandaftertreatment.Theserumtotalcholesterol,triglycerides,high-densitylipoproteincholesterol,lowdensitylipoproteincholesterolandapolipoproteinA1andapolipoproteinBlevelsandserumosteopontin(OPN)oftwogroupsofpatientsbeforeandaftertreatmentweredetected.Thecontentsofserumglutamic-oxaloacetictransaminaseandglutamic-pyruvictransaminaselevelsinthetwogroupsbeforeandaftertreatmentweredetected.Results:1)Thetotaleffectiverateofobservationgroupwas93.55%(29/31),andtotaleffectiverateofthecontrolgroupwas70.96%(22/31).Thedifferenceswerestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).2)Aftertreatment,carotidintima-middlethicknessoftheobservationgroupwassignificantlylessthancontrolgroup(1.17±0.28vs1.43±0.26mm),andthedifferenceswerestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).Theplaqueareaofobservationgroupwassignificantlysmallerthanthatofthecontrolgroup(3.12±0.73vs3.94±0.96cm2)aftertreatment,andthedifferenceswerestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).3)Intheobservationgroupaftertreatment,serumTC(4.29±1.52vs5.37±0.87mmol/L),TG(1.74±0.43vs2.65±0.68mmol/L)andLDL(1.65±0.89vs2.87±1.12mmol/L)levelswerelowerthanthecontrolgroup,andthedifferenceswerestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).Intheobservationgroupaftertreatment,serumlevelsofHDL(1.94±0.41vs1.23±0.38mmol/L)werehigherthanthatofcontrolgroup,andthedifferenceswerestatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).4)Afterthecourseoftreatment,peripheralbloodconcentrationsofOPNreducedinbothofthetwogroups,andtheobservationgroupweresuperiortothatofcontrolgroup(P<0.05).Conclusion:Tonifyingqiandresolvingphlegmmethodcansignificantlyimproveclinicalsyndromeofpatientswithhypertensioncomplicatedwithcarotidarteryplaque,notonlycaninhibitcarotidintima-middlethickening,butalsocaninhibitlipidplaqueformationandprotectcarotidarteryfromdamagebyreducingthelevelsofTC,TG,LDLandOPNandraisingtheHDLlevels.
KeyWordsTonifyingqiandresolvingphlegmmethod;Hypertension;Carotidplaques;OPN;Intima-mediathickness;TraditionalChinesemedicine;Cholesterol;Apolipoprotein
中图分类号:R242;R541.3文献标识码:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2018.06.033
高血压是临床最常见的心血管疾病之一。流行病学研究表明,我国高血压患者约占2亿人口,且呈现逐年上升趋势,加之社会老年化问题严峻,日益影响人民的健康和生命质量[1]。现代医学对于高血压的病理机制尚未完全阐明,终点事件的增多和缺乏改善生命质量的干预严重制约高血压患者的临床预后。研究表明,多数药物单独使用对于患者24h动脉血压的平滑指数、谷峰比值均未能达到理想状态,而在逆转靶器官损伤方面疗效一般[2]。……
