朱茂然 钱泽森

摘要：“农超对接”对提供稳定的农产品销售途径，提高农产品质量具有重要意义，而当前“农超对接”面临着合作社、超市大批退出对接的困境，严重影响了“农超对接”供应链的稳定性。采用湖北省武汉市48家农业合作社的抽样调研数据，运用多项Logit模型从供应链内部和外部环境两个方面对“农超对接”供应链稳定性的影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明，合作社规模、超市信誉、政策支持程度、物流运送能力对“农超对接”供应链稳定性有不同程度的影响。政府需要加强财政扶持，完善贷款业务；合作社应该不断提高自身实力，实施标准化生产；超市积极提升预测能力及信息化程度，从而有效提高“农超对接”供应链的稳定性。

关键词：“农超对接”；供应链稳定性；多项Logit模型

中图分类号：F3 文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2018）16-0138-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.16.033 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Effecting Factors of “the Farming-supermarket Docking” Supply Chain

——Evidence from the Mode of “Farmers+Cooperatives+Supermarkets”

ZHU Mao-ran，QIAN Ze-sen

（College of Economics and Management，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China）

Abstract： “The farming-supermarket docking” is of great significance in providing stable sales channels for agricultural products and improving the quality of agricultural products. However， “the farming-supermarket docking” faces the dilemma that a large number of cooperatives and supermarkets are dropping out of docking， which seriously affects the stability of “the farming-supermarket docking” supply chain at present. And so research uses the survey data of 48 agricultural cooperatives in Hubei and Hunan provinces， and used multiple Logit models to empirically analyze the factors which come from internal supply chain and external environment affecting the stability of “the farming-supermarket docking” supply chain. The result of the study indicates that the scale of cooperatives， supermarket credibility， policy support， and logistics delivery capabilities have different degrees of influence on the stability of “the farming-supermarket docking” supply chain. Finally， the study suggests that the government needs to strengthen financial support and improve loan business； cooperatives should continue to improve their own strengths and implement standardized production； supermarkets actively increase their forecasting capabilities and information level， thereby effectively improving the stability of “the farming-supermarket docking” supply chain.

Key words： “the farming-supermarket docking”； stability of supply chain； multiple logit models

隨着农业现代化的推进，农业生产水平不断提升，中国农产品市场的发展状况也有所改善。但随着居民生活水平的提高，消费者对农产品的需求倾向也由数量型向质量型和安全型转变[1]，对高质量农产品有不断增长需求的市场与小规模、小生产的分散农户之间的矛盾日益加剧。在该背景下，中国在2008年推出“农超对接”政策，通过合作社与超市这两个主体，一方面为农户提供持续稳定的农产品销售途径，另一方面为消费者提供高质量的安全农产品，在一定程度上缓解了“大市场”与“小农户”之间的矛盾。……