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扩散退火对热浸铝Fe—Cr—B铸钢界面形貌的影响

2018-10-08张先满罗洪峰

热带农业工程 2018年2期
关键词:界面

张先满 罗洪峰

摘 要 通过中频感应电炉制备不同Cr含量的Fe-Cr-B铸钢,经铝液浸入后,采用扩散退火方法(800 ℃,保温1 h,空冷),利用SEM研究了扩散退火对Fe-Cr-B铸钢与750 ℃铝熔体反应后界面形貌的影响。结果表明:扩散退火对不同Cr含量的Fe-Cr-B铸钢与铝液反应后界面形貌的影响显著,Cr含量为0时,扩散退火前后Fe2B/Al界面反应都不生成周期性层片结构,但扩散退火过程发生Al对Fe-B铸钢的不均匀侵蚀,形成明显的柱状晶和未被侵蚀的Fe2B“孤岛”;Cr含量为15 wt.%时,扩散退火前后(Cr,Fe)2B/Al界面反应都生成周期性层片结构,但扩散退火过程生成的周期性层片结构与热浸镀铝时生成的有较大的差异,其存在明显的撕裂痕迹。总体来说,(Cr,Fe)2B/Al界面反应都生成周期性层片结构满足扩散应力模型。

关键词 (Cr,Fe)2B/Al界面 ;Fe2B/Al界面 ;周期性层片结构 ;扩散退火

中图分类号 TG142.7

Effect of Diffusion Annealing on the Interfacial Morphologies

of Hot Dip Aluminized Fe-Cr-B Cast Steel

ZHANG Xianman LUO Hongfeng

(Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228)

Abstract The Fe-Cr-B cast steels containing different contents of Cr were prepared by medium frequency induction furnace. After soaking in the molten aluminum and adopting annealing diffusion(800℃, insulation for 1h,air cooling), the effect of annealing diffusion on the interfacial morphology of Fe-Cr-B cast steels reacted with 750 ℃ aluminum melt was analyzed. The results showed that the effect of annealing diffusion on the interfacial morphology of Fe-Cr-B cast steels reacted with 750 ℃ aluminum melt was obvious. When the content of Cr was zero, no periodic layered structure was formed at Fe2B/Al interface before or after diffusion annealing, but the preferential corrosion of Fe by Al was much clear and leaded to the formation of columnar crystal and the isolate island of Fe2B. When the content of Cr was 15.0 wt.%,the periodic layered structure was formed at the (Cr,Fe)2B/Al interface both in the processing of diffusion annealing, but there was obvious difference between the periodic layered structure of annealing diffusion and that of hot dip aluminizing. There was obvious tear characteristics. The formation mechanism of periodic layered structure at the (Cr,Fe)2B/Al interface suited with the diffusion-induced stress model.

Key words (Cr,Fe)2B/Al interface ; Fe2B/Al interface ; periodic layered structure ; annealing diffusion

高硼鑄钢是一类以廉价B作为主要合金元素的钢种,具有优异的耐高温金属(锌、铝)熔体腐蚀及腐蚀-磨损性能[1-8]。这归结于B在α-Fe和γ-Fe中极小的溶解度,在凝固过程中发生沿晶界的非平衡偏聚形成三维网络状的M2B(M=Fe, Cr,等)型硼化物分布在基体的晶界上,同时,硼化物具有比碳化物更高的化学稳定性、耐磨性及耐蚀性[9]。因此,近年来高硼铸钢作为潜力巨大的新型耐高温金属熔体腐蚀-磨损材料而备受青睐[10]。

笔者在以往的研究中发现:Fe-Cr-B铸钢的耐铝液(750 ℃)腐蚀性能比H13提高近5倍,耐铝液腐蚀-磨损性能提高了近3倍。在铝液腐蚀过程中,其组织中的M2B型硼化物比Fe基体具有更低的铝液腐蚀速率,但最终也会被铝液腐蚀,其中富Cr的Fe2B型硼化物,与铝液反应生成周期性的两相相间的层片结构(Periodic Layered Structure, PLS)[1,11-13]。……

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