曾志康　谢国雪　黄启厅

摘 要 速生桉人工林具有生長速度快、轮伐周期短的特点，大量、单一的速生桉种植给水源地的水土保持及生物多样性带来潜在威胁。为加强饮用水水源保护区环境管理，开展了面向水源地保护的地块尺度桉树遥感识别方法研究。以广西南宁市重要饮用水保护区——大王滩水库为对象，基于高分一号16 m分辨率影像提取库区水域信息和边界，进而向外缓冲500 m获得研究区范围；然后以谷歌高分辨率影像为数据源，利用人机交互方法获取研究区内的精细地块信息；最后结合多时相中分遥感影像计算地块的多维光谱特征，并利用基于地块的面向对象分类方法提取桉树、其他林地、耕地、建设用地等土地覆盖信息。结果表明，基于地块尺度的桉树识别方法能够获得较好的提取效果，总体分类精度为90.24 %，Kappa系数为0.88，其中桉树识别的用户精度及生产者精度分别达到94.87 %和97.37 %，能够满足应用需求。研究发现桉树种植面积高达4 960.03 hm2，占研究区面积的35.02 %，面积比例远高于其他树种，可能对水源区生态环境带来不利影响，建议有关部门加强对水源区桉树种植及砍伐的管控，确保饮用水保护区的生态环境质量。

关键词 水源保护区 ；桉树 ；地块尺度 ；遥感识别

中图分类号 S792.39

Analysis on the Remote Sensing Identification of Spot Scale Eucalyptus for Drinking Water Source Protection

ZENG Zhikang XIE Guoxue HUANG Qiting ZHANG Jiamei MA Canda

（Agricultural Science and Technology Information Research Institute， Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanning， Guangxi 530007）

Abstract The fast-growing Eucalyptus had high growth rate and short cutting period， the large-scale eucalyptus plantation threatened the biodiversity， soil and water conservation of water reservation area.In order to facilitate the environmental management of water reservation areas， this paper analyzed the remote sensing identification of spot scale Eucalyptus for drinking water source protection. The Dawangtan Reservoir，one of the most important drinking water conservation areas in Nanning was chosen as the study object in this paper. The water area of reservoir was extracted by 16 m GF-1 image， a 500 m-width buffered area surrounding the water-body was made and served as study area. Based on the Googles high-resolution imagery， the land information were produced by human-computer interaction. The multi-dimensional spectral features of land was calculated by multi-temporal mid-resolution images. The eucalyptus， woodland， cultivated land and construction land were identified by the object-oriented classification method. The results showed that the remote sensing identification of spot scale Eucalyptus had better extraction effect， the overall accuracy was 90.24%， the Kappa coefficient was 0.88. The user and producer accuracies of Eucalyptus identification reached 94.87% and 97.37%， this could adequately meet the application needs. The planting area of eucalyptus reached 4 960.03 hm2， accounted for 35.02% of the study area，which was much larger than other trees. Considering the worse effect on the environment of water reservation area，it was suggested that management departments should strictly regulate the planting and deforestation of Eucalyptus in order to ensure the environmental quality of drinking water protection area.

Key words Water reservation area ； Eucalyptus robusta Smith ； spot scale ； remote sensing identification

桉树（Eucalyptus robusta Smith）属桃金娘科桉属植物，原产于澳大利亚，具有生长速度快、易于种植及抗逆性强等特点，是目前砍伐期最短的人工林树种之一[1]，已被100多个国家和地区引种和栽培[2]。中国桉树种植面积广泛，据2013年有关数据统计，全国桉树人工林的面积达450万hm2[3]，主要分布于广西、广东、福建、海南等热带亚热带地区，其中以广西种植面积最大[4]。……