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柴胡桂枝干姜汤方证病因病机及“痰饮”浅析

2018-09-19王黎兰黄有霖

中国民族民间医药·下半月 2018年7期

王黎兰 黄有霖

【摘 要】 柴胡桂枝干姜汤方证一直都是《伤寒论》中较有争议的一条方证,特别是条文中“小便不利,渴而不呕”的类似于痰饮内停的描述一直是争议的焦点。文章通过分析东汉末年的时代背景,并且参考临床典型议案,总结本方证的病因病机,对柴胡桂枝干姜汤方证中有关痰饮的描述做进一步分析,探讨此“痰饮”的现代医学解释,对应现代医学中的病理产物,以明确其在临床应用的某些具体疗效。

【关键词】 柴胡桂枝干姜汤;病因病机;痰饮;血吸虫

【中图分类号】R222.2 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2018)14-0006-02

Abstract:Chaihu Guizhi dry ginger decoction syndrome has always been a controversial prescription in the Treatise of febrile Disease, especially the description of "unfavorable urination, thirst but not nausea" in the article, which is similar to the stop of phlegm and drink, has always been the focus of controversy.By analysing the background of the last period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and referring to the typical clinical motions, the etiology and pathogenesis of the syndrome were summarized, and the description of phlegm and drink in Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang decoction syndrome was further analyzed.To explore whether the phlegm drink has the explanation of modern medicine and what the pathological product is in modern medicine, so as to determine the specific curative effect of phlegm drink in clinical application.

Keywords:Chaihu Guizhi dry ginger Derection;Etiology and Pathogenesis;Phlegm and Retained Fluid;Bood Flukes

柴胡桂枝干姜汤出自于赵本《伤寒论》原文第 147条[1] :“伤寒五六日,已发汗而复下之,胸胁满微结,小便不利,渴而不呕,但头汗出,往来寒热,心烦者,此为未解也,柴胡桂枝干姜汤主之。”方药的组成、剂量以及服用方法:“柴胡半斤,桂枝三两(去皮),干姜二两,瓜蒌根四两,黄芩三两,牡蛎二两(熬),甘草二两(炙),上七味,以水一斗二升,煮取六升,去滓,再煎取三升,温服一升,日三服。初服微烦,复服,汗出便愈。 ”在《金匮要略 疟病脉证并治》附《外台秘要》方中也有过使用,称作柴胡桂姜汤,用于“治疟寒多微有热或但寒不热,服一剂如神。”

1 柴胡桂枝干姜汤的病因病机

1.1 少阳病,阳气郁滞,枢机不利 对于这个病机畅氏[2]总结认为:本证是以气郁为本,痰结是标。少阳为一身气机调节的枢纽,调节气机的疏泄。一旦邪入少阳,首先表现就是气机疏泄失常形成的气郁。胁下是少阳经循行之处,邪气郁结于此,气机不畅导致胸胁胀满;……

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