摘 要：根据2017年1—6月滁州市3个国控监测点的空气质量监测数据，运用主成分分析法对6种污染物进行分析，得到污染物之间的关系及其对空气质量的影响。结果表明：2017年1—6月滁州市空气质量为轻度污染的等级出现频率最高，首要污染物为PM2.5和O3。通过主成分分析得到2个主成分，反映了SO2、PM10、NO2、CO、PM2.5等5种和O3这1种污染物的信息，且CO、PM2.5、O3对滁州市空气质量起主导作用。空气质量相对较好的监测点是人大宾馆，相对较差的是老年大学，且各监测点的季节性污染特征较为明显，具有“夏季好，冬季差”的典型城市空气环境状况。

关键词：滁州市；空气质量；变化特征；主成分分析

中图分类号 X823 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2018）13-0122-04

Abstract：According to the air quality monitoring data of three national monitoring sites in Chuzhou City from January to June 2017，the six components were analyzed using principal component analysis to obtain the relationship between pollutants and their impact on air quality.The results showed that the air quality in Chuzhou City in January to June 2017 had the highest frequency of light pollution，and the primary pollutants were mainly PM2.5 and O3.Two principal components are obtained by principal component analysis.The first principal component mainly reflects the information of SO2，PM10，NO2，CO and PM2.5，and the second principal component mainly reflects the pollution of O3.The information of matter，and CO，PM2.5，O3 play a leading role in the air quality of Chuzhou City.Calculating the comprehensive scores of principal components at each monitoring point in each month shows that the monitoring point with relatively good air quality is the National People's Congress Hotel，and the relatively poor one is the old university.The characteristics of seasonal pollution at various monitoring sites are relatively obvious，with typical urban air environment conditions of “good in summer and poor in winter”.

Key words：Chuzhou；Air quality；Change characteristics；Principal component analysis（PCA）

滁州市位于皖東江淮之间，是南京“一小时都市圈”主要成员和皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区的重要一翼。近年来，滁州市城市规模与GDP总量呈快速增长的趋势，但与此同时城市空气质量问题也日益突出[1-3]。2016年5月12日，因环境质量未得到有效改善，环境执法力度亟待加强，滁州市被国家环保部点名通报。

目前，针对滁州市空气质量的研究主要集中在空气质量变化与气象条件的关系上[4]，而对滁州市3个国控监测点之间存在的差别和联系的研究很少，尤其是新的空气质量标准实施以来，对监测的6种主要污染物之间相互关系的研究甚少。为此，本文以空气质量监测数据为基础，运用主成分分析法对6种主要污染物进行分析[5-9]，探讨污染物之间的关系及其对空气质量的影响，为城市大气污染防治工作提供一定的参考。……