庞振军 陆爱舟

摘 要 目的：了解上海金山區吕巷镇社区老年人的健康现状，为提供有针对性的社区干预和慢病管理提供依据。方法：对上海吕巷镇2017年5 226份信息完整的老年人健康体检结果进行分析。调查对象中男性2 160例，占41.33%，平均年龄（72.32±5.91）岁；女性3 066例，占58.67%，平均年龄（72.68±6.30）岁。结果：5 226例老年人中，血压升高、高血糖、血脂异常、肥胖和超重、脂肪肝的检出率分别为42.75%、12.75%、22.01%、34.78%、16.90%；老年人男性的血压升高、高血糖检出率高于女性，而血脂异常、肥胖超重和脂肪肝检出率低于女性，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；51.66%老年高血压患者血压控制未达标。在无高血压史老年人中的血压升高检出率为32.20%。59.65%老年糖尿病患者空腹血糖控制未达标。无糖尿病史老年人中的高血糖检出率为7.56%。结论：老年人健康状况不容乐观，须进一步加强慢性病管理，采取有效可行的干预措施，倡导健康的生活方式，改善社区老年人的健康状况。

关键词 体检；社区；老年人

中图分类号：R194.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2018）16-0047-03

Analysis of physical examination results of elderly people over 65 years old in a community in Shanghai

PANG Zhenjun， LU Aizhou（Preventive and Health Care Department of Lvxiang Community Health Service Center of Jinshan District， Shanghai 201517， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the health status of the community elderly in Lvxiang Community of Jinshan District， Shanghai to provide a basis for targeted community intervention and chronic disease management. Methods： The results of physical examination of 5 226 elderly people with information integrity in Lvxiang Community in 2017 were analyzed. In the survey there were 2 160 males， accounting for 41.33%， with an average age of （72.32±5.91） years； there were 3 066 females， accounting for 58.67%， with an average age of （72.68±6.30） years. Results： Among 5 226 elderly people， the detection rates of hypertension， hyperglycemia， dyslipidemia， obesity， and overweight and fatty liver were 42.75%， 12.75%， 22.01%， 34.78% and 16.90%， respectively； the detection rates of increased blood pressure and hyperglycemia in elderly men were higher than those in elderly women， the detection rates of dyslipidemia， overweight and fatty liver were lower in elderly men than those in elderly women， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）； the failure rate of blood pressure control was 51.66% in the elderly with a history of hypertension. In the elderly without hypertension history 32.20% were found to have elevated blood pressure. Among the elderly with a history of diabetes， the rate of failure to control fasting glucose was 59.65%. Hyperglycemia was detected in 7.56% of the elderly with no history of diabetes. Conclusion： The health status of the elderly is not optimistic. It is necessary to further strengthen the management of chronic diseases， take effective and feasible intervention measures， advocate a healthy lifestyle and improve the health status of the elderly in the community.

KEY WORDS physical examination； community； elderly people

随着人口老龄化以及社会经济发展带来的人们生活方式变化，慢性病人数也在不断增加。客观准确分析老年人的健康状况，对提高老年人生活质量和降低社会医疗成本都具有促进作用[1]。本文旨在分析上海金山区吕巷社区65岁以上老年人的健康状况，为针对性地开展社区老年人群健康管理提供依据。

1 对象与方法

1.1 对象

以上海金山区吕巷镇社区自愿参与2017年体检的65岁以上老年人为研究对象，共获得5 226份信息完整的健康体检结果，其中男性2 160例，占41.33%，平均年龄（72.32±5.91）岁；女性3 066例，占58.67%，平均年龄（72.68±6.30）岁。参检老年人性别间的平均年龄差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

1.2 方法

由上海金山区吕巷镇社区卫生服务中心的全科医师团队完成体检。体检的项目包括身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖、血脂（总胆固醇与三酰甘油）、肝超声波检查等。体检结果信息在电子健康档案存档，健康档案内包含辖区居民相关电子病史。……