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肝炎后肝硬化患者使用质子泵抑制剂与自发性细菌性腹膜炎发生风险相关性的Meta分析

2018-09-10周强魏萌宋周烨黄晓晖齐谢敏周国华邹秉杰于锋

中国药房 2018年13期
关键词:Meta分析

周强 魏萌 宋周烨 黄晓晖 齐谢敏 周国华 邹秉杰 于锋

中圖分类号 R575.2;R975+.5 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2018)13-1831-05

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2018.13.25

摘 要 目的:系统评价肝炎后肝硬化患者使用质子泵抑制剂(PPI)与自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)发生风险的相关性。方法:计算机检索2008年1月1日-2017年2月1日发布于PubMed、Web of science、Science director数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、万方、中文科技期刊数据库中有关肝炎后肝硬化患者(或合并感染、腹水等)使用PPI与SBP发生风险(SBP发生率)的病例对照和队列研究,对符合纳入标准的研究进行资料提取、采用卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表(NOS)进行质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行统计分析。结果:共纳入18项研究,合计8 486例患者;Meta分析结果显示,肝炎后肝硬化患者使用PPI会显著增加SBP发生率[OR=1.77,95%CI(1.39,2.24),P<0.001];亚组分析结果显示,欧洲[OR=1.87,95%CI(1.32,2.66),P<0.001]、北美洲[OR=2.35,95%CI(1.64,3.36),P<0.001、亚洲[OR=1.75,95%CI(1.12,2.71),P=0.01]地区患者使用PPI后SBP发生率均显著升高;肝硬化腹水[OR=1.99,95%CI(1.33,2.98),P<0.001]、肝硬化[OR=1.56,95%CI(1.27,1.99),P<0.001]患者使用PPI后SBP发生率均显著升高,但中国患者使用PPI后SBP发生率未显著升高[OR=1.39,95%CI(0.61,3.19),P=0.44]。结论:肝炎肝硬化患者在使用PPI时会显著增加SBP的发生风险,在中国患者中未得到该结论,主要是由于纳入研究数过少,质量不高导致的,故应谨慎对待;该类患者应在合理评估病情后谨慎使用PPI。

关键词 质子泵抑制剂;肝炎后肝硬化;自发性细菌性腹膜炎;Meta分析

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) with the risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis systematically. METHODS: Retrieved from PubMed, Web of science, Science director, CJFD, Wanfang database and VIP, case control and cohort studies about the risk of SBP (incidence of SBP) in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis (with infection or cirrhotic ascites pahaps) using PPI were collected during Jan. 1st, 2008-Feb. 1st, 2017. The data extraction and quality assessment method of NOS were performed for included literatures, and then data analysis was achieved by using the RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 18 studies were included, involving 8 486 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the use of PPI in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis could increase the risk of SBP [OR=1.77, 95%CI(1.39,2.24), P<0.001]. Subgroup analysis showed that the incidences of SBP in patients from different geographical regions Europe [OR=1.87, 95%CI(1.32,2.66), P<0.001], North America [OR=2.35, 95%CI(1.64,3.36), P<0.001], Asia [OR=1.75, 95%CI(1.12,2.71), P=0.01] were all increased significantly after using PPI; the incidences of SBP in patients with cirrhotic ascites [OR=1.99, 95%CI(1.33,2.98), P<0.001] or cirrhosis [OR=1.56, 95%CI(1.27,1.99), P<0.001] were also increased significantly after using PPI,but the incidence of SBP was not increased significantly after using PPI in Chinese patients [OR=1.39, 95%CI(0.61,3.19), P=0.44]. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of SBP in the posthepatitic cirrhosis patients will be increased significantly when using PPI. This conclusion isnt get in Chinese patients due to the less number of included studies and low quality,and it should be treated with caution.Overall, the patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis patients should be careful to use PPI after a reasonable assessment of the conditions.

KEYWORDS Proton pump inhibitors; Posthepatitic cirrhosis; Spontaneous becterial peritonitis; Meta-analysis

肝炎后肝硬化患者常使用质子泵抑制剂(Proton pump inhibitor,PPI)来预防和治疗门脉高压性下腔静脉出血和消化道出血。然而,有研究发现,患者使用PPI可能会增加自发性细菌性腹膜炎(Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,SBP)的发生风险[1-3]。其潜在的原因在于抑酸治疗常使胃肠道pH持续保持在较高水平,当pH>3.8时,胃肠道细菌开始过度生长,长期抑酸导致肠道菌群失调、移位。肝病患者由于肠道壁水肿,肠道屏障能力减弱、通透性增高,使穿透性细菌易从肠道漏出侵入腹腔繁殖而引起腹腔感染,导致SBP。基于上述假设,各国学者进行了大量临床研究,探索PPI与SBP的相关性,Min YW等[3]研究发现肝炎肝硬化患者使用PPI会增加SBP风险,而Terg R等[4]却认为肝炎肝硬化患者使用PPI不会增加SBP风险,因此该结论至今仍未达成共识。还……

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