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334例住院患者地高辛血药浓度监测结果及影响因素分析

2018-09-10钱懿轶孟禄明王晶晶郭媛媛

中国药房 2018年13期
关键词:影响

钱懿轶 孟禄明 王晶晶 郭媛媛

中圖分类号 R972.1;R541.61 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2018)13-1816-04

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2018.13.21

摘 要 目的:探讨影响地高辛血药浓度(SDC)的因素,为临床安全、有效、合理使用地高辛提供参考。方法:对昆明医科大学第一附属医院2014年1月-2016年12月收治的334例服用地高辛片(0.125 mg,每日1次,连续服用7 d及以上)并测定稳态血药浓度的住院患者的资料进行回顾性分析,以单因素方差分析患者年龄、血钾水平、肌酐清除率对SDC的影响,采用卡方检验分析患者性别、心功能分级、合并用药对SDC的影响,再对有显著影响的合并用药进行二分类Logistic回归分析。结果:单因素方差分析结果显示,不同水平肌酐清除率(<30 mL/min、30~<70 mL/min、≥70 mL/min)患者的SDC比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经卡方检验结果显示,肌酐清除率≥70 mL/min(肾功能基本正常)患者合并使用非甾体抗炎药,以及肌酐清除率<70 mL/min(肾功能不全)患者合并使用β受体阻滞药、质子泵抑制剂、托拉塞米、螺内酯、布地奈德、茶碱类药物对SDC均有显著影响(P<0.05)。二分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,肾功能不全患者合并使用螺内酯与SDC呈正相关,合并使用茶碱类药物与SDC呈负相关。结论:当患者肾功能基本正常时,除不能与非甾体抗炎药合并使用外,其他病理生理因素与合并用药几乎不影响SDC;当肾功能不全时,地高辛与螺内酯合并使用可增加SDC过高的几率,与茶碱类药物合并使用可降低SDC过高的几率。

关键词 地高辛;血药浓度监测;影响因素;合并用药

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To discuss the factors that influence serum digoxin concentration (SDC), and to provide reference for the clinical safe, effective and reasonable use of digoxin. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze medical information of 334 patients who received Digoxin tablets (0.125 mg, once a day, for consecutive 7 days or above) and determination of steady-state blood concentration in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University during Jan. 2014-Dec. 2016. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of patients age, blood potassium level and creatinine clearance rate on SDC. Chi-square test was used to analyze the effects of gender, cardiac function grading and drug combination on SDC. Binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the drug combination with significant effects. RESULTS: One-way ANOVA showed that there was statistical significance in SDC among patients with different creatinine clearance rates (<30 mL/min, 30~<70 mL/min, ≥70 mL/min)(P<0.05). By Chi-square test, patients with creatinine clearance rate≥70 mL/min (normal renal function) combined with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), patients with creatinine clearance rate<70 mL/min (renal insufficiency) combined with β blockers, proton pump inhibitors, torasemide, spironolactone, budesonide and theophylline had significance effects on SDC (P<0.05). Results of Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that combined with spironolactone was positively correlated with SDC in renal insufficiency patients, and combined with theophylline was negatively correlated with SDC. CONCLUSIONS: When the renal function is basically normal, except for can not be combined with NSAIDs, other pathophysiological factors and drug combination hardly affect the SDC. For patients with renal insufficiency, combined use of digoxin and spironolactone can increase the probability of excessive high SDC; combined use of digoxin and theophylline can reduce the probability of excessive high SDC.

KEYWORDS Digoxin; Blood concentration monitoring; Influential factor; Drug combination

地高辛是临床治疗充血性心力衰竭的经典药物,是经安慰药物对照试验评估有效的洋地黄制剂[1],在心衰及心律失常的治疗中发挥着无法替代的作用。但地高辛在临床上应用时,存在着使用安全范围小、治疗指数低、药动学和药效学个体差异大的问题[2-4],因此临床上需要对地高辛血药浓度(Serum digoxin concentration,SDC)进行监测以保障患者药物治疗安全有效。据有关文献报道,SDC可受患者病理生理因素及药物相互作用的影响,尤其当多个影响因素同时具备时,患者服用地高辛后SDC发生过高的风险更高[5]。本研究采用单因素分析、卡方检验和二分类Logistic回归分析等方法分析了不同因素对患者服用地高辛后SDC的影响,以期明确影响SDC的因素,为临床安全、有效、合理地使用地高辛提供参考。……

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