李莉　裴华莲　吴星

[摘要] 目的 探讨医院伤医对不同民族实习护生职业价值观及择业趋势的影响。 方法 于2017年6月对新疆医科大学第一附属医院300名硕、本、专科在院实习护生发放实习护生对医院伤医的认知问卷、实习护生职业价值观量表、择业趋势调查评分表三大问卷，对量表结果分别进行相关和回归分析。 结果 实习护生择业趋势分别与伤医事件的语言攻击、躯体攻击、事件发生时间有相关性（P < 0.05），与民族无相关性（P > 0.05）。实习护生职业价值观分别与实习护生教育程度、伤医事件的语言攻击、躯体攻击、性骚扰、事件发生时间有相关性（P < 0.05）。实习护生的择业趋势与职业价值观有相关性（P < 0.05）。 结论 医院伤医事件对实习护生职业价值观、择业趋势有密切影响，不存在新疆地区的民族观念差异。

[关键词] 医院伤医；实习护生；现况调查；相关性

[中图分类号] R05 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2018）05（a）-0173-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of hospital injury doctors on the professional values and employment trend of interns from different nationalities. Methods In June 2017， three questionnaires were distributed to 300 nursing students of master， undergraduate and specialty in First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University including the cognition questionnaire of nursing students to hospital injury doctors， the occupational values scale of nursing students and the questionnaire of employment tendency， and the correlation and regression analysis were carried out on the results of the questionnaire. Results There was correlation between the employment tendency of interns and the language attack， physical attack and the time of occurrence of injury medical events （P < 0.05）， there was no correlation between the employment tendency of interns and nation （P > 0.05）. There were correlations between the professional values of interns and their education level， language attack， physical attack， sexual harassment and time of occurrence （P < 0.05）. There was correlation between the employment trend of nursing students and their professional values （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Hospital injury events have a close impact on the professional values and employment trends of interns， there is no ethnic differences in Xinjiang.

[Key words] Hospital injury； Internship nurse； Inventory survey； Correlation

醫院伤医（hospital violence）亦称医院工作场所伤医或医疗伤医，世界卫生组织的定义是：卫生人员在其工作场所受到辱骂、威胁和攻击，从而造成对其安全、幸福和健康的明确的或含蓄的挑战[1]。伤医原因较多，一方面有目前我国医疗体制制度层面的原因，另一方面也有患者利益方面的社会心理原因[2-3]。实习对实践性强的医学生尤为重要，特别是护理专业。实习对于医学生来说更是一段事业形成的关键时期。但有调查指出，多数的的医学生由于伤医事件的发生开始对从事医疗行业的态度变得犹豫不定[4]。此外，伤医事件对医护人员的身心和职业价值观都造成了严重的负面影响，大大促使了医护人员的职业倦怠[5]。本文通过护士实习生问卷调查来反映伤医事件的影响因素，并且进一步分析不同民族，不同学历面对伤医事件的影响程度。……