冠心病PCI术后健康管理研究进展
2018-09-03付广芳吴敏孙靖
付广芳 吴敏 孙靖
[摘要] 心血管疾病,特别是冠心病,严重危害人类健康。随着医学的进步,经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)现已成为冠心病血运重建的重要方法及急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者治疗较为有效的措施。PCI术具有创伤小、症状改善明显等优点,但术后仍然存在冠脉内再狭窄、支架内血栓形成及心脏不良事件再发等风险。本文介绍了PCI术后患者健康管理的重要意义、主要内容和常用手段,重点阐述了以网络为支撑的新型健康管理手段在PCI术后患者中的应用现况,旨在为广大护理人员探索和完善PCI术后患者健康管理模式提供参考和借鉴。
[关键词] 冠心病;PCI;术后;健康管理
[中图分类号] R541.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)05(a)-0038-04
[Abstract] Cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary heart disease, seriously threaten human health. With the development of medical science, PCI has become an important method for the revascularization of coronary heart disease and a more effective measure for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). PCI has many advantages, such as less trauma and obvious relief in symptoms. However, postoperative risk of coronary artery restenosis, stent thrombosis, and recurrence of adverse cardiac events were still present. The significance, main content and commonly used methods of health management for PCI postoperative patients are introduced in this review. It also emphasizes the application of the internet-based new health management strategies for PCI postoperative patients. The paper is aimed at providing the nursing staff more references to further explore and improve the existing health management model for PCI postoperative nursing patients.
[Key words] Coronary Heart Disease; PCI; Postoperation; Health management
心血管疾病正成为危害人类健康的主要杀手,其中发病率较高的冠心病,呈现日益年轻化的趋势。对于冠心病的治疗,目前比较公认的方案大致包括药物治疗、介入治疗(经皮冠状动脉介入术,PCI)和手术治疗(冠状动脉旁路移植术,CABG)等。随着医学的进步,介入治疗现已成为冠心病血运重建的重要方法及ACS患者治疗较为有效的措施。PCI术创伤小,短期疗效佳,能迅速改善冠状动脉血供,明显缓解心绞痛症状。然而,PCI术后患者冠脉内再狭窄和支架内血栓及再发心脏不良事件等高风险仍然存在[1]。COURAGE试验[2]和OAT试验[3-5]也为客观认识及评价PCI术提供了更多理性的参考:PCI不能彻底解决诱发心血管事件的危险因素,不能根本逆转引起冠状动脉粥样硬化的病理损伤,亦不能阻止整个冠状动脉粥样硬化的生物学进程。……
