微生物群落变化与妊娠结局关系的研究进展
2018-09-03王彩燕钱金凤
王彩燕 钱金凤
摘 要 人体的体表和体腔中存在着种类众多、数量庞大的微生物,它们通过微生物群落本身或代谢产物影响着人体的营养代谢、生长发育、免疫功能和疾病的发生发展等。妊娠是一个复杂却又协调的生理过程,女性体内的各个系统和微生物群落组成在妊娠期内均会发生一定的变化,而微生物群落组成的异常变化可能与妊娠并发症的发生有关,影响母体和胎儿的健康。本文概要介绍微生物群落变化和妊娠结局关系的研究进展。
关键词 微生物群落 妊娠 妊娠并发症
中图分类号:R37; R714.14 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2018)15-0014-04
Research progress on the changes of microbiome and the outcome of pregnancy*
WANG Caiyan**, QIAN Jinfeng***
(Department of Family Planning, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China)
ABSTRACT There are many kinds of microorganisms on the surface and in the cavity of human body, and they affect the nutrient, metabolism, growth and development, immune function and the occurrence and development of diseases of human body by microbiome itself or their metabolites. Pregnancy is a complex and coordinated physiological process. Changes in the composition of female systems and metabolism will occur during pregnancy while abnormal changes in microbiome composition may be associated with pregnancy complications and do harm to mother and fetus. Research progress on the relationship between the changes of microbiome and the outcome of pregnancy is overviewed.
KEY WORDS microbiome; pregnancy; pregnancy complications
人體的体表和体腔中存在着种类众多、数量庞大的微生物,其中肠道微生物群落被认为是人体肠道内的“器官”,定植着1×1013 ~ 1×1014个微生物,涉及微生物种类近1 000种,是人体中存在的最大、最复杂的微生物群落[1]。女性生殖道尤其是阴道为女性独有的“菌库”,从健康女性阴道内可分离出20余种微生物,平均从每个女性的阴道内可分离出6 ~ 8种微生物,以细菌为主[2]。本文就人体肠道和阴道微生物群落的变化与妊娠结局的关系和相互作用的研究进展作一概要介绍。
1 正常妊娠期母体中微生物群落的变化
1.1 肠道微生物群落
肠道微生物群落和宿主之间是相互作用的。肠道微生物群落既受到宿主因素如饮食等的影响,也能影响宿主的健康状况,如肠道微生物群落的组成决定了宿主能从饮食中获取的能量等。妊娠是胚胎和胎儿在母体内发育成长的复杂却又协调的生理过程,女性体内的各个系统在妊娠期内都会发生一定的变化。……
