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恒牙列初期不同矢状骨面型颞下颌关节形态结构特点的研究

2018-08-31赵蔚萍雷先会李璐

中外医学研究 2018年11期

赵蔚萍 雷先会 李璐

【摘要】 目的:比较恒牙列初期不同矢状骨面型患者的颞下颌关节的形态结构特点及差异,为青少年颅面部生长发育的研究和错畸形的临床诊疗提供一定的参考依据。方法:采用计算机X线头影测量技术,对恒牙列初期不同矢状骨面型患者牙尖交错位的矫正颞下颌关节侧位体层片进行测量分析,比较各组间颞下颌关节窝的形态及髁状突位置的异同。结果:关节结节高度、关节窝前斜面与水平基准线的夹角、关节上间隙从大到小为Ⅱ类、Ⅰ类、Ⅲ类骨面型组(P<0.01);关节窝宽度从大到小为Ⅲ类、Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类骨面型组(P<0.01);关节后间隙从大到小为Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类、Ⅰ类骨面型组(P<0.01);Ⅲ类骨面型组关节窝高度和关节前间隙均小于Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类(P<0.01);Ⅱ类骨面型组关节窝前后斜面切线的夹角小于Ⅰ类、Ⅲ类(P<0.01)。Ⅰ类骨面型组的R值在+12~-12,Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类骨面型组的R值大于+12。结论:恒牙列初期不同矢状骨面型患者的颞下颌关节窝形态及髁状突位置有显著差异,Ⅲ类骨面型错患者的颞下颌关节窝宽、平、浅,Ⅱ类骨面型错患者的关节窝窄、陡、深,Ⅰ类骨面型错患者关节窝形态介于Ⅱ类与Ⅲ类之间。Ⅰ类骨面型错患者髁状突位于关节窝的中央,Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类骨面型错患者的髁状突位置前移。

【关键词】 颞下颌关节; 矢状骨面型; 侧位体层片

doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2018.11.013 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2018)11-0027-03

Morphology and Structure of Temporomandibular Joint with Different Sagittal Facial Types of Early Permanent Dentition/ZHAO Weiping,LEI Xianhui,LI Lu.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research,2018,16(11):27-29

【Abstract】 Objective:To study the morphology and structure of temporomandibular joint(TMJ) with different sagittal facial types of early permanent dentition patients.Method:TMJ corrected lateral tomogram radiographs of 126 malocclusion patients with different sagittal facial types were measured and analyzed by computerized cephalometrics technique.The morphology of the glenoid fossa and condylar position were compared among different sagittal facial type groups.Result:The measurements of the height of articular tubercle,the angle of front bevel of glenoid fossa,the angle of front and back bevel of glenoid fossa,the height and width of fossa glenoid,the superior joint space,the anterior joint space,and the posterior joint space were significantly different between the class Ⅰ,class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ sagittal facial type groups(P<0.01).The R value of the classⅠ group was between +12 and -12,and the R value of class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ group was more than +12.Conclusion:The morphology and structure of TMJ of early permanent dentition patients with different sagittal facial type are significantly different.The glenoid fossa of class Ⅲ patients is wide,flat and shallow,class Ⅱ is narrow, steep and deep,class Ⅰ is between the class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ .The condylar position of class Ⅰ is located in the center of the fossa,class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ are in the front.

【Key words】 Temporomandibular joint; Sagittal facial type; Lateral tomogram

First-authors address:Suining Central Hospital,Suining 629000,China

由于錯畸形与颞下颌关节的影响是相互的,目前国内外已有许多研究证明,颞下颌关节的形态结构与各类错畸形有密切关系[1-2],因此了解不同矢状骨面型错患者颞下颌关节的形态结构特点对于确定正畸治疗方案、治疗目标并对治疗结果进行客观评价具有重要的指导意义。本研究以恒牙列初期不同矢状骨面型错患者为研究对象,拍摄矫正颞下颌关节侧位体层片,利用计算机测量技术进行测量分析,比较不同矢状骨面型错患者颞下颌关节形态结构的差异,为基础研究和临床应用提供理论依据。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

从遂宁市中心医院口腔科2011-2015年就诊的青少年错患者中选取126名作为研究对象,其中男54名,女72名,年龄11~13岁。所选研究对象符合以下要求:(1)身体健康,发育正常,未曾患过影响颅面、颌骨发育的疾病;……

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