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无线传感网中基于半定规划的定位修正算法

2018-08-21匡博王颖李杰熊庆国王秀芬

现代电子技术 2018年16期

匡博 王颖 李杰 熊庆国 王秀芬

摘 要: 无线传感网络的定位精度依赖于噪声电平和非视距连接。为此,提出基于半定规划的定位修正算法,其以半定规划ESDP算法为基础,且记为ESDP_O算法,旨在提高定位精度和减少在恶劣环境下的定位时间。ESDP_O算法通过引用抖动矩阵,修改了ESDP算法,提高了ESDP_O算法在高测距误差环境的鲁棒性。ESDP_O算法通过寻找低秩解,应对高噪声和非视距偏差。仿真结果表明,在高噪声和多数测距是非视距NLOS环境下, ESDP_O算法的定位精度优于基于同类算法,并且降低了计算复杂度。

关键词: 无线传感网络; 定位修正算法; 半定规划; 非视距连接; 抖动矩阵; 计算复杂度

中图分类号: TN915?34; TPT393 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2018)16?0084?04

Abstract: As the positioning accuracy of the wireless sensor network (WSN) depends on the noise level and non?line of sight (NLOS) connection, a positioning correction algorithm based on edge semi?definite programming (ESDP) is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy and reduce the positioning time in harsh environments. As the proposed algorithm is based on the ESDP algorithm, it is marked as the ESDP_O algorithm. A perturbation matrix is introduced to the ESDP_O algorithm to modify the ESDP algorithm and improve the robustness of the ESDP_O algorithm in the high range?finding error environment. The ESDP_O algorithm deals with the high noises and NLOS deviation by searching for the low rank solution. The simulation results show that in the environment with high noises and where most measured distances are NLOS, the ESDP_O algorithm has better positioning accuracy than other algorithms of the same type, and can reduce the computational complexity.

Keywords: wireless sensor network; positioning correction algorithm; semi?definite programming; NLOS connection; perturbation matrix; computational complexity

0 引 言

传感节点的位置在无线传感网络应用中扮演了重要的角色[1?3]。为了获取未知节点的位置信息,未知节点利用已知位置的节点(锚节点)与自己的距离,再结合定位算法,进而估计自己的位置。其中测距是传感网络定位问题的关键。然而,现有多数定位算法是面向可视距 (Line of Sight,LOS)环境。如文献[4]提出了一种基于二阶锥规划的时差定位算法,将定位的非凸优问题转化为凸优化问题,然后运用凸优化理论中的二阶锥规划 (Second?Order Cone Programming,SOCP)[5?6]、半定规划 (Semi?Definite Programming,SDP)松驰方法求解节点的位置。而事实上,多数的无线定位环境是非视距 (Non?Line of Sight,NLOS),这给传感节点定位提出了挑战。

为此,本文面向含有噪声的NLOS的恶劣环境,提出基于边半定规划 (Edge?Semi?Definite Programming,ESDP)松驰优化的定位修正算法,记为ESDP_O。ESDP_O算法通过拉动矩阵降低复杂度,并增强了增加在恶劣环境下定位的鲁棒性。……

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