论新史料在高校古代史教学中的作用和价值
2018-08-07李勉俞方洁
李勉 俞方洁
摘 要 史料教学是古代史教学的重点,传世文献等传统史料存在诸多不足,无法完全满足新时代古代史教学的需要,而以出土文献为代表的新史料具有传世文献不具备的诸多特点。因此,利用出土文献等新史料对高校古代史教学具有促进作用,我们要合理地利用新史料保证古代史教学的客观性、真实性、科学性。
关键词 出土文献 传世文献 中国古代史 高校教学
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkx.2018.05.022
On the Role and Value of New Historical Materials in the Teaching of
Ancient History in Colleges and Universities
LI Mian[1], YU Fangjie[2]
([1] History and Social Work College, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047;
[2] Department of Public Class, Sichuan Fine Art Institute, Chongqing 401331)
Abstract The teaching of historical materials is the key point in the teaching of ancient history. There are many shortcomings in the traditional historical materials, such as the literature of the world, which cannot fully meet the needs of the teaching of the ancient history of the new era, and the new historical data, represented by the unearthed literature, have many characteristics that the literature of the world does not possess. Therefore, the use of the new historical materials, such as unearthed documents, plays a role in promoting the teaching of ancient history in Colleges and universities. We should make use of the new historical materials to ensure the objectivity, authenticity and scientificity of the teaching of ancient history.
Keywords unearthed documents; the literature of the world; Ancient Chinese history; college teaching
史料的分析、甄别及使用在历史学的学习、研究过程中占有重要地位,傅斯年先生曾提出“史学就是史料学”的观点。因此,在高校历史学科教学过程中,史料教学理应占据重要地位。1925年7月,王国维在清华大学研究院作《最近二三十年中中国新发现之学问》的著名演讲中明确指出“古来新学问之起,大都由于新发见之赐。”陈寅恪在《陈垣敦煌劫余录序》一文中亦谓:“一时代之学术,必有其新材料与新问题。取用此材料,以研求新问题,则为此时代学术之新潮流。”二十世纪中国学术研究取得了较大进展,与新史料层出不穷息息相关,例如律令、公文、户籍、税收、账簿、书信、日记、报纸等历史档案资料,考古发现、历史建筑、生产生活用品等历史遗存,雕塑、岩画、画像石、壁画、书画、照片等图像资料等等,不一而足。这些新史料极大地突破了原有历史研究的困境,使历史研究更为深入、细致,更加贴近历史事实,在某些方面弥补了传世文献史料的不足。那么……
