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铁路道岔AT尖轨加工断面轨廓自动化检测技术研究

2018-07-20郭思敏

价值工程 2018年18期

郭思敏

摘要:随着铁路事业快速发展,道岔产品的制造水平不断提高,对道岔制造质量提出了新的要求。AT尖轨是道岔转辙器中的重要部件,其制造标准日益严格,其检测方式也需不断提高。本文详细介绍一种新型的AT尖轨机加工轨廓自动化检测技术,通过采用传感器自动测量,以解决人工测量误差导致测量不准确的问题,实现测量方便快捷、精确可靠。

Abstract: With the rapid development of the railway industry, the manufacturing level of turnkey products is constantly improving, and new requirements have been put forward for the quality of turnstile manufacturing. AT tip rail is an important part in the switch, its manufacturing standard is becoming more and more strict, and its detection method needs to be improved. In this paper, a new automatic testing technology for processing track of AT tip rail machine is introduced in detail. The automatic measurement of sensor is adopted to solve the problem that the error of manual measurement leads to the inaccuracy of measurement, and the measurement is convenient, fast, accurate and reliable.

关键词:铁路道岔;AT尖轨;传感器;自动化检测

Key words: railway turnouts;AT tip rail;sensor;automatic measurement

中图分类号:U213.6 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2018)18-0123-02

0 引言

尖軌是转辙器中经过切削的可动钢轨,是道岔的一个重要组成部分,其具有弯度大、承载力大等特点,是轨道上易损坏的部件之一。尖轨通常以AT(矮型特种断面)钢轨作为坯料制造,采用藏尖式设计,轨底置于滑床台上,以保持轨顶面与基本轨平齐,其跟端与标准断面钢轨连接。AT尖轨的加工质量要求较高,其成形质量直接影响着轨道的质量和使用寿命,进而影响列车的行驶速度和行车安全。AT尖轨各断面几何尺寸测量的准确度越高,其加工质量越高,因此提高其检测方法,实现道岔制造过程的自动化检测意义重大。

1 AT尖轨检测难点

AT尖轨铣削加工时,为保证其各断面几何尺寸符合标准要求需多次测量数值,但由于传统检测手段限制,个别AT尖轨仍存在断面尺寸超差的问题,从而导致钢轨件返工或报废,造成不必要的浪费。目前,AT尖轨加工后几何尺寸,由操作者使用游标卡尺进行各断面尺寸的测量,其测量的准确性直接影响产品质量,如图1所示。……

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