APP下载

基于时变改良率的改良品供应链的订购策略研究

2018-07-20孙海雷

价值工程 2018年18期

摘要:考虑由一个改良品供应商和一个零售商构成的改良品供应链,在允许零售商缺货并且改良品的改良率时变的情况下,分析了在分散决策下零售商的最优订购策略,以及在集中决策下供应链的最优订购策略。最后通过数值算例研究了分散决策和集中决策下各种成本的变动情况,进行了市场需求率和单位改良成本的敏感性分析,利用方差分析验证了改良率参数对改良品供应链的总成本的显著性影响。

Abstract: The supply chain of Ameliorating Items is consisted of a single-supplier of Ameliorating Items and a single-retailer. We consider the case that shortages are allowed to occur and amelioration rate is time-varying. We analyzed the retailer's optimal decisions under the decentralized decision mode, then analyzed the optimal decision of the supply chain under the centralized decision mode. The model is numerically illustrated. The effect of the cost of per unit amelioration as well as the demand of the items on the costs of supply chain has been studied. The sensitivity of the average total cost of the supply chain with respect to the parameters of amelioration rate has also been presented with the help of analysis of variance method.

关键词:改良品;时变改良率;缺货;供应链;最优订购策略

Key words: ameliorating items;time-varying amelioration rate;shortages;supply chain;optimal ordering policy

中图分类号:F274 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2018)18-0100-03

0 引言

近来,学者们对易逝品、易腐品及其供应链进行了大量研究。生猪、鸡、鸭、鱼、粮食、蔬菜、水果在出栏、收割和采摘后表现为易腐品,其价值随时间减少,但它们在出栏、收割和采摘前却表现为随着时间的推移数量与重量得到不断增加而质量得到不断改善,这类物品我们称之为改良品(ameliorating items)。虽然改良品的改良过程与易逝品、易腐品的变质过程同样重要,但改良品及其供应链并没有像易逝品、易腐品及其供应链那样在学术界获得重视和关注。

对改良品的研究始于韩国学者Hwang[1-2],其首先研究了改良品的库存问题;Moon等[3]研究了在通货膨胀和资金时间价值影响下的改良品库存控制策略。Law等[4]整合制造商和销售商的立场建立考虑改良和变质影响的生产库存模型。Sana[5]研究了需求基于企业积极性的变质品与改良品的多物品EOQ模型。陈晖等[6]研究了生猪类改良品的库存问题。……

登录APP查看全文