李文沛 俸婷婷 周英

摘 要：研究金银花、山银花提取物的体外抑菌、体内解热和抗内毒素作用以及对用药安全性进行探讨。采用微量肉汤法测定提取物对供试菌株的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）；通过建立大鼠内毒素LPS热毒血症模型测定大鼠下丘脑cAMP、AVP和血液中ET含量变化研究提取物解热和抗内毒素能力；通过建立大鼠致敏模型测定血液中IgE比较用药安全性。结果表明提取物对除白色念珠菌外的供试菌株具有较好的抑制作用，有很好的体内解热和抗内毒素作用，安全性结果表明高剂量的灰毡毛忍冬提取物会导致大鼠过敏。证实金银花、山银花具有较好的抑菌活性、解热和抗内毒素作用，高剂量用药存在过敏风险。

关键词：金银花；抑菌作用；cAMP；ET；IgE

中图分类号：R285.5

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2018）03-00 -0 国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2018.03.001

Study on the pharmacodynamics and safety of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae and Flos Lonicerae

LI wen-pei1，2，3，FENG Ting-ting2，3，ZHOU Ying2，3*

（1.College of Pharmacy， Guizhou University， Guiyang， Guizhou 550025， China； 2. Guizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Drug Engineering Center， Guiyang， Guizhou 550025， China； 3. Guizhou Medicine Edible Plant Resources Research and Development Center， Guiyang， Guizhou 550025， China）

Abstract：The bacteriostatic， antipyretic and antiendotoxin effect of extracts from Flos lonicerae japonicae and Flos lonicerae was studied and the safety of using them as medicine discussed. The minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimal bactericidal concentration （MBC） of the extracts against tested microbes were determined by microbroth method. The content changes of hypothalamic cAMP and AVP and ET in blood were determined by establishing a rat model of endotoxin LPS hyperthermia in order to study the antipyretic and anti-endotoxin ability of the extract. The safety of IgE in blood was determined through a rat allergic model. The results showed that the extract of Flos lonicerae japonica and Flos lonicerae has good antipyretic and anti-endotoxin effect and better inhibitory effect on the tested microbes except Candida albicans. Safety results showed that high dose of the extract could lead to anaphylaxis.

Key words： Flos Lonicerae japonica； antibacterial； cAMP；antipyretic； anti-endotoxin.

金銀花（Flos lonicerae japonica ）与山银花（Flos lonicerae）是忍冬科忍冬属植物干燥的花蕾或带初开的花，其中忍冬（Lonicera Japonica Thunb.）被列为金银花唯一的药源植物，其余收录在山银花中。两者都具有清热解毒，疏散风热之功效，主要用于治疗痈肿疔疮、喉痹、丹毒、热毒血痢、风热感冒、温病发热等症[1]。近年来研究表明金银花具有广谱抗菌、抗病毒、增强免疫力，抗氧化，解热抗炎、保肝、降血糖、抗肿瘤[2-5]等多种药理作用。研究表明在致热源可导致体温调节中枢的调定点上移引起发热，cAMP是调节体温的重要的中枢制热介质，与体温呈正相关[6]，精氨酸加压素（AVP）是由下丘脑合成的九肽神经肽，与体温升高呈负反馈调节，测定下丘脑中的cAMP、AVP含量变化能在一定程度上反映药物对体温调节中枢的作用[7]。……