罗燕 石燕金 周运超

摘 要：采用砂培法，研究了5种氮素营养浓度（即1.2 mmol/L、5.8 mmol/L、10.4 mmol/L、15.0 mmol/L、19.6 mmol/L）对粗壮女贞品质（茶多酚、氨基酸、儿茶素、黄酮类化合物、茶总皂甙、水浸出物、水溶性总糖）的影响。结果表明：不同氮营养浓度处理对粗壮女贞品质有明显影响，适宜的氮浓度处理能显著改善和提高粗壯女贞的品质。5种氮浓度处理条件下，在5.8 mmol/L和19.6 mmol/L处理时出现极值，5.8 mmol/L氮浓度处理条件下最适宜总黄酮化合物、茶皂甙、水浸出物及水溶性总糖的同时合成；19.6 mmol/L氮浓度处理条件下茶多酚含量最低、氨基酸含量最高；在适宜的氮浓度环境下，粗壮女贞苦丁茶的茶多酚、黄酮类化合物、茶叶水浸出物三项品质的含量会显著提高；叶片中茶多酚与黄酮类化合物、茶叶的水溶性糖呈显著或极显著正相关关系（P<0.05），黄酮类化合物与茶叶的水溶性糖也呈显著正相关关系（P<0.05），粗壮女贞叶片中酚氨比与黄酮类化合物呈显著正相关关系（P<0.05）。

关键词：粗壮女贞；氮处理；品质

中图分类号：S571.1

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2018）03-0084-06 国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2018.03.015

Effect of Nitrogen on the Quality of Ligustrum robustum

LUO Yan， SHI Yanjin， ZHOU Yunchao*

（College of Forestry/Forest Resources and Environment Research Center ，Guizhou University， Guiyang， Guizhou 550025， China）

Abstract：The effect of nitrogen nutrient concentration （1.2 mmol/L， 5.8mmol/L， 10.4mmol/L， 15.0 mmol/L， and 19.6 mmol/L， respectively） on the quality of Ligustrum robustum （tea polyphenols， amino acids， catechinic acid， flavonoids， total tea saponin， water extract and total soluble sugar） were studied by sand culture. The results showed that different treatments of nitrogen nutrient concentrations had significant effects on the quality of L. robustum， and proper nitrogen nutrient concentration treatment could significantly improve and enhance the quality of L. robustum. The extreme value appeared at the treatment of 5.8mmol/L and 19.6mmol/L. The total flavonoids， tea saponin， water extracts and total soluble sugar compound optimally at the treatment of 5.8mmol/L， while the content of tea polyphenols was the lowest and the content of amino acids was the highest under the nitrogen concentration of 19.6 mmol/L. The contents of the tea polyphenols， flavonoids， and water extracts of L. robustum were significantly increased under suitable nitrogen concentration. There was a significant positive correlation between tea polyphenols， flavonoids and water-soluble sugars in tea （P<0.05）， and the water-soluble sugars in flavonoids and tea also showed positive correlation （P<0.05）. There was also a significant positive correlation between phenolic ammonia ratio and flavonoids in the leaves of L. robustum（P<0.05）.

Key words：Ligustrum robustum； Nitrogen treatment； Quality

粗壮女贞（Ligustrum robustum）属木犀科植物，又名苦丁茶[1]，是我国南方各族人民最常饮用的植物代用茶，也是传统的药用植物，具有悠久的饮用历史[2]。其叶片作饮料特有的生津止渴、消食提神[3]及抗氧化、降“三高”、减肥等[4]药用保健价值而深受人们喜爱。目前学术界关于苦丁茶的研究都是关于茶叶品质的研究，而土壤养分对茶叶品质的影响较大，尤其氮是茶树生长发育过程中不可缺少的营养元素，N素能有效提……