美国价值观建设及其国家认同的巩固
2018-06-21胡玉荣
胡玉荣
摘 要: 现代民族国家,无论是多民族构成的国家还是单一民族国家,都不得不面临如何实现民族认同与国家认同整合的问题。因为,要实现国家稳定发展与长治久安,其中一项前提性的工作无疑是要处理好国内的民族关系以及民族与国家之间的关系,核心是要解决好民族认同与国家认同的关系问题。毫不夸张地说,对这一问题解决的效果直接决定了这个国家的兴衰存亡。通过发挥核心价值观的纽带和粘合剂作用,美国成功地将国内各民族凝聚起来,共同致力于国家的发展进步。因此,美国在价值观建设推进民族认同与国家认同的整合方面已经进行了有益的探索,并积累了一定的经验与教训,给了我们许多镜鉴与启示。
关键词: 美国; 价值观; 国家认同; 认同整合; 经验
中图分类号: B081 文献标识码: A DOI:10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2018.02.003
Abstract: The modern national state, whether it is a multi ethnic country or a single national country, has to face the problem of how to realize the integration of national identity and national identity. In order to realize the stable development and long-term stability of the country, one of the prerequisites is to deal with the national relations and the relations between the nation and the state. The core is to solve the problem of the relationship between national identity and state identity. It is no exaggeration to say that the effect of solving this problem is directly determined. The rise and fall of the country is in existence. By playing the role of core values and bonds, the United States has succeeded in bringing together all ethnic groups in the country and working together for national development and progress. Therefore, the United States has made useful exploration in the integration of national identity and state identity in the construction of values, and has accumulated certain experiences and lessons, and has given us a lot of mirror and inspiration.
Key words: The United States; values; national identity; identity integration; experience
美国只有短短两百多年的历史,却迅速崛起,一跃发展成为具有世界影响力的大国,至今其地位依然难以撼动,不得不令人深思。客观地说,美国在如此短的时间内,把一个由不同种族、不同肤色、不同文化的人所组成的移民国家发展成世界一流强国,其成功是显而易见的。当然,成功的原因也是多维的,但归根结底,贯穿其中的必定离不开对核心价值观的追求。事实上,美国历届政府都很重视对美国公民进行价值观教育,通过共有的价值观来摒弃不同民族和种族的差异,从而将全体国民凝聚起来,共同致力于国家的建设和繁荣。……
