补虚药的药理学研究思路与方法
2018-06-13SarmadSherazJadoon丁莉张舜波李凡游秋云
Sarmad Sheraz Jadoon 丁莉 张舜波 李凡 游秋云
[摘要] 补虚药是中药学、中药药理学等课程的重要章节之一。为了让学生更好地掌握该章节的研究思路与方法,并将其应用到科研及中医临床中,本文拟从补虚药调节神经-内分泌-免疫网络的作用、补虚药对物质代谢的影响、探索虚证动物模型、不同类型补虚药的研究各有侧重四个方面对补虚药的研究思路和方法进行探索,以期建立针对补虚药的科学研究方法与手段,为阐明中医理论下补虚药治疗疾病的科学内涵及指导中医临床科学合理用药打下基础。
[关键词] 补虚药;研究思路;研究方法;动物模型;虚证
[中图分类号] R285 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)04(a)-0114-04
[Abstract] Tonic medicine is one of the important chapters in courses such as "Chinese materia medica", "pharmacology of traditional chinese Medicine" and some others. In order to make students better grasp the contents of this chapter, and apply it both to real life and to TCM clinical treatment, this article explores the ideas and methods of researches on tonic medicines from the four aspects including the functions of tonic medicines in regulating the nerve-endocrine-immune system, the effects of tonic medicines on metabolism, the exploration on animal models with deficiency syndromes and varied research focuses of different tonic medicines. The purposes of the research are to establish the scientific methods and approaches for researches on tonic medicines, and lay a solid foundation for better explaining the scientific connotation of the medical treatment by tonic medicines under the guidance of TCM theories and for providing guidance to the scientific and rational doses of TCM clinical treatment.
[Key words] Tonic medicine; Research ideas; Research methods; Animal model; Deficiency syndrome
凡能补虚扶弱、纠正人体气血阴阳虚衰、用以治疗虚证为主的药物,称为补虚药,其可分为补气药、补血药、补阴药和补阳药,分别主治气虚证、血虚证、阴虚证和阳虚证[1]。由于人体气血阴阳之间在生理上相互联系、彼此依存,在病理上也相互影响,所以机体出现气血阴阳的虚衰,往往不是孤立的,单一的虚证并不多见,通常将两类或两类以上的补虚药配伍使用。补虚药在临床应用上主要有两个方面:一是增强机体的抗病能力,可配合袪邪的药物,用于邪盛正虚的患者,以达到扶正袪邪的目的;另一方面是用于久病体虚的患者,能增强体质,消除衰弱的症状。由于补虚药临床应用的特点,其药理研究的思路主要在于探索其对机体的整体调节作用,使机体趋于恢复稳态的作用及机制。……
