家庭养老负担量表的初步编制及信效度检验
2018-06-13王杰王瑛张媛媛王爱华丁晓崔敏
王杰 王瑛 张媛媛 王爱华 丁晓 崔敏
[摘要] 目的 编制家庭养老负担量表,并对其进行信度及效度检验,为测量家庭的养老负担提供工具。 方法 通过文献回顾及访谈法编制家庭养老负担初始量表,采用整群抽样方法抽取山东省210名育龄一孩妇女评估检测其信效度。 结果 家庭养老负担量表包括4个维度21个条目:活动负担(7个条目)、身心负担(6个条目)、经济负担(5个条目)、情感负担(3个条目)。总量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.933,分半信度系数为0.885,总量表的内容效度指数为0.905,结构效度4个因子的累计贡献率为65.658%。 结论 初步编制的家庭养老负担量表信效度良好,可作为评估家庭养老负担的工具。
[关键词] 家庭养老;养老负担;量表编制;信度;效度
[中图分类号] R161.7 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)04(a)-0161-04
[Abstract] Objective To compile the family pension burden scale and test its reliability and validity, in order to provide a tool for measuring the burden of family support. Methods Through the literature review and interview method, the family pension burden initial scale was compiled and 210 women of childbearing age in Shandong Province sampled by cluster sampling was used to assess the validity and reliability. Results The burden of family pension scale consisted of 4 dimensions and 21 items: Burden of activity (7 entries), physical and mental burden (6 entries), economic burden (5 entries), and emotional burden (3 entries). The Cronbach's α of the total table was 0.933, the half half reliability coefficient was 0.885, the content validity index of the total table was 0.905, and the cumulative validity of the 4 factors was 65.658%. Conclusion The preliminary family pension burden scale has good reliability and validity, which can be used as a tool to assess the burden of family support.
[Key words] Family pension; Pension burden; Scale development; Reliability; Validity
随着我国老龄化程度的日益加深,高龄化、失能化及空巢化[1]的人口危机使得老年人对家庭照料的需求渐增,养老形势日趋严峻。“家庭养老”作为我国最基本、最可靠的养老模式,是指由家庭成员为家中老年人提供经济供养、生活照料以及精神慰藉的养老方式[2-3]。但伴随着小型化、核心化、倾斜化的家庭结构使家庭照料者逐渐减少,家庭养老功能日益弱化、家庭养老负担也不断增大[4-6],加之2016年1月1日“全面二孩”政策的实施,育龄一孩妇女将面临抚养与赡养的双重负担,而目前缺乏统一测评家庭养老负担的量表,因此研制测评工具对了解其家庭养老负担状况,积极应对人口老龄化具有重要意义。
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