施今墨应用发酵中药临证经验探析
2018-06-13刘同亭
刘同亭
[摘要] 本文对施今墨38例病案中发酵中药的使用情况进行统计分析,并探析了其对发酵中药的用法和配伍特点。发酵作为一种传统的中药加工炮制方法,可以提高有效成分提取率,产生新化合物而优化分解,促进药物吸收与利用,并可减毒增效。淡豆豉、半夏曲、建神曲、沉香曲、炒红曲、霞天曲等6种发酵中药在施今墨病案中应用广泛,并与不同中药组成药对,积极运用于呼吸、消化、心血管等各类病例中,疗效肯定,值得继承发展。
[关键词] 施今墨;发酵;中药;经验
[中图分类号] R28 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)04(a)-0102-04
[Abstract] This paper analyzes the use of fermented Chinese medicine in 38 cases of Shi Jinmo's medical records, and investigates the usage and concerted application characteristics of the fermented Chinese medicine. As a processing method of traditional Chinese medicine, fermentation can improve the extraction ratio of effective constituents, come into new compound and optimize decomposition, promote drug absorption and utilization, and it also can decrease toxicity and increase efficacy. Semen Sojae Praeparatum, Rhizoma Pinelliae Fermentata, Fujian medicated leaven, Chinese eaglewood leaven, saute red yeast rice, Xiatian leaven 6 kinds of fermented traditional Chinese medicine are widely used in Shi Jinmo′s medical records, which are made couplet medicines with different Chinese herbal medicines to treat respiratory and digestive, cardiovascular and other types of cases positively, the curative effect is definite, and it is worthy of inheritance and development.
[Key words] Shi Jinmo; Fermentation; Chinese medicine; Experience
施今墨(1881~1969年),京城四大名醫之一,浙江萧山人。自幼承训,刻苦攻读,发奋为医,从事中医工作60余年,博览医籍,古今中西无不搜求,遍游全国,寒热燥湿实地体验,医理通彻,实践丰富,疗效卓著。在临床用药上,强调有是证,用是药,临证如临阵,用药如用兵。必须明辨证候,详慎组方,灵活用药。施今墨善于组方,精于配伍,尤善于双药合用,世称施氏药对[1]。而对于传统发酵中药,如淡豆豉、半夏曲、神曲等,施今墨应用非常广泛,值得深入探析研究。
1 发酵中药应用情况统计
施今墨存世医案集主要为《祝选施今墨医案》《施今墨临床经验集》,其门生吕景山从中精选132例病案,著成《施今墨医案解读》。对该书中病案进行统计表明,施今墨共有38例病案使用了发酵中药,占总病案数的近1/3;其中许多病案中共用或合用发酵中药,总频次为53次。所用发酵中药包括淡豆豉、半夏曲、建神曲、沉香曲、炒红曲、霞天曲等,其中半夏曲出现频次最多,为23次;……
