曹明月 蒋瑞瑞 马翔

摘要 [目的]充分利用地方品种固始鸡种质资源，通过杂交配套提高其生产性能。[方法]以固始鸡 G 系母鸡为母本，以固始鸡 G 系、快大青胫黄麻羽S1 系、广西瑶鸡 Y 系等公鸡为父本，分别进行杂交组合，杂交后代分别为 GG、S1G 和 YG。通过对杂交后代生产性能、屠宰性能及肉质性状进行测定，评价固始鸡的杂交利用效果。[结果]以S1系为父本、以固始鸡为母本的杂交配套组合，可有效提高固始鸡的生产性能和出肉率，提高肌内脂肪含量，从而改善固始鸡的肉品质。[结论]研究结果可为固始鸡种质资源特性的研究及保护利用提供参考。

关键词 固始鸡；青胫黄麻羽鸡；杂交组合

中图分类号 S831 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2018）20-0072-05

Abstract [Objective] To take full advantage of excellent local germplasm resources of Gushi Chicken and improve the production performances by crossbred hybridization.[Method] Taking G line hen of Gushi Chicken as maternal parent，taking cock of Gushi Chicken G line，fast indigoticcrura yellowfeather chicken S1 line，Guangxi Yao chicken as male parent，the crossbred hybridization was made and crossbred combinations（GG，S1G，YG） were obtained .The production performance，slaughter performance and meat quality of crossbred offsprings were determined and the crossbred hybridization effect was evaluated.[Result]Crossbred combination with S1 line as as male parent，Gushi Chicken as maternal parent could effectively increase the production performance and meat rate of Gushi Chicken，increase the intramuscular fat content，so as to improve the meat quality of Gushi Chicken.[Conclusion]The research could provide references for the research，protection and utilization of Gushi Chicken germplasm characteristics.

Key words Gushi Chicken； Indigoticcrura yellowfeather chicken； Crossbred combinations

目前，对我国华东地区的消费者而言，一方面产品供不应求，另一方面缺乏肉鸡专门化品种或配套系。迄今为止，我国通过审定的肉鸡配套系远不能满足华东市场需求，迫切需要培育出口感、风味、外观等特征符合传统消费需求、生产性能优良的优质肉鸡配套系。固始鸡是我国著名的地方鸡品种，其青胫、黄麻羽、肉质细嫩鲜美、皮下脂肪少等特点备受消费者的青睐，符合传统消费习惯，市场前景好。但是，由于地方品种饲养量较少、生长速度缓慢、生产性能偏低，不能满足专门化生产和市场需求，因此每年从保种群中扩繁出一部分利用群，并通过杂交组合试验筛选出综合表现出色的配套系，是开发利用地方鸡优质资源的有效途径，能够达到以用促保，保用结合的效果。……