APP下载

基于场域惯习论的移民人力资本重构研究

2018-04-09刘会聪

湖北农业科学 2018年4期

刘会聪

摘要:保证移民生活水平不降低或者提高是水库移民安置的重要目标,生活水平的恢复取决于生计重建,而其关键在于人力资本的重构。选取南水北调中线工程丹江口水库二期工程移民村之一的丹阳村为例,基于布迪厄场域惯习理论,辅之以人力资本理论,在对迁移前后移民生计模式、人力资本对比分析的基础上,对丹阳村移民人力资本重构过程进行了描述、解释和分析,解释移民人力资本破坏与重构的机理、路径和实现策略。

关键词:水利工程移民;场域惯习论;可持续生计框架;人力资本

中图分类号:D632.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)04-0130-07

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.04.033

The Reconstruction of Migrant Human Capital Based on Field-habitus Theory

——A Case Study of Dan yang Emigrants of Danjiangkou reservoir

LIU Hui-cong

(College of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

Abstract: The important goal of reservoir resettlement is to ensure the improvement and no reduction of migrants living standard,moreover the recovery of living standards depends on the livelihood reconstruction,and the key of which lies in the reconstruction of human capital. Selecting Danyang village,one of the second phase resettlement villages in the south-to-north water transfer project Danjiangkou reservoir as an example,based on Bourdieu field-habitus theory and supplemented by the human capital theory,and on basis of comparative analysis between migrant livelihood patterns and the reconstruction of human capital before and after the resettlement,the reconstruction of Emigrant human capital in Danyang village was described,interpreted and analyzed,to explain the mechanism,path and implementation strategy for the destruction and reconstruction of migrant human capital.

Key words: resettlement in water conservancy and hydropower project; field-habitus theory; framework of sustainable livelihood; reconstruction of human capital

大型水利水電工程需要征收、占用包括建设枢纽工程区域和水库淹没的影响区域在内的大量土地。工程征占土地过程中必然产生移民。移民安置有集中安置、分散安置和外迁安置等不同安置模式,其中异地搬迁安置对移民生计模式变化和生计资本变化的影响最大。移民异地搬迁安置过程包括有形资产(土地、房屋、设施)和无形资产(社会关系、生计资本、心理)的损失及重构。

异地移民的生产、生活、社会交往空间场域发生了重要变化,长期形成的人力资本效用也因为生产、生活而发生重要变化,人力资本随着时间变迁、政府和社会组织的技术培训、移民自我学习等途径发生了明显的变化。人力资本是推动移民迁入地经济重建、恢复和发展的战略性资本,受到迁入地土地承载力、自然资源等条件的影响,开发利用新的资本是生计恢复和重建的关键。……

登录APP查看全文