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葡萄木屑与杏鲍菇废菌渣组合对黑灵芝生长的影响

2018-04-09陆荣生刘晓星韩美丽王迎洁梁志强蓝彩霞

湖北农业科学 2018年4期
关键词:生长

陆荣生 刘晓星 韩美丽 王迎洁 梁志强 蓝彩霞

摘要:为开发黑灵芝(Ganoderma atrum J. D.Zhao,L. W. Hsu et X. Q. Zhang)栽培新原料,进行了葡萄(Vitis L.)木屑与杏鲍菇[Pleurotus eryngii (DC.ex.Fr.) Quel.]废菌渣组合对黑灵芝生长的影响试验。结果表明,葡萄木屑富含纤维素与木质素,杏鲍菇废菌渣含较高的无氮浸出物与粗蛋白,二者合理组合对黑灵芝生长具有一定的促进作用。葡萄木屑与棉子壳以60∶20及50∶30比例(W/W)组合的培养料处理可使菌丝生长速度分别达到88、92 mm/d,生物转化率分别达到58.9%、63.1%,显著高于对照;在葡萄木屑与棉子壳以60∶20比例配比组成的培养料基础上,添加250~300 g/kg的杏鲍菇废菌渣,黑灵芝菌丝生长速度可达到101~104 mm/d,菌丝长满菌袋所用时间比对照缩短14-16 d,生物学转化率达79.6%~82.3%。

关键词:黑灵芝(Ganoderma atrum J. D.Zhao,L. W. Hsu et X. Q. Zhang);栽培;葡萄(Vitis L.)木屑;杏鲍菇[Pleurotus eryngii (DC.ex.Fr.) Quel.]废菌渣

中图分类号:S567.3+1.8 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)04-0082-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.04.021

The Influences of Grape Sawdust and Pleurotus eryngii Waste Residue on Growth

of Ganoderma atrum

LU Rong-sheng1,LIU Xiao-xing2,HAN Mei-li1,WANG Ying-jie3,LIANG Zhi-qiang1,LAN Cai-xia1

(1.Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;2.Guangxi Gaofeng State-Owned Forest Farm,Nanning 530007,China;3.Guilin Baicaoyuan Agricultural Science and Technology Co. Ltd.,Guilin 542000,Guangxi,China)

Abstract: To develop raw materials for cultivation of Ganoderma atrum J. D.Zhao, L. W. Hsu et X. Q. Zhang, the grape(Vitis L.) sawdust and Pleurotus eryngii (DC.ex.Fr.) Quel. waste residue was used. The results showed that the grape sawdust is rich in cellulose and lignin; while P. eryngii waste residue contains high nitrogen free extract and crude protein; reasonable combination of P. eryngii waste residue and grape sawdust has a certain role in promoting the growth of G. atrum. On medium containing grape sawdust and cotton seed shell(60∶20 and 50∶30, W/W),88 and 92 mm/d of mycelial growth rate, and 58.9% and 63.1% of biological conversion rate were achieved, respectively, significantly higher than the control. When 200 to 300 g/kg P. eryngii waste residue was added in medium containing 60 grape sawdust and 20 cottonseed shell, the mycelium growth rate could be 101 to 104 mm/d; time for mycelia to fulfill the bag could be shortened by 14 to 16 d; and biological conversion rate could reach to 79.6% to 82.3%.

Key words: Ganoderma atrum J. D.Zhao, L. W. Hsu et X. Q. Zhang; cultivation; grape(Vitis L.) sawdust; Pleurotus eryngii (DC.ex.Fr.) Quel. waste residue

近年来各地的葡萄(Vitis L.)种植业发展迅速,华南地区还出现了双季葡萄生产模式,使葡萄在春季、夏季及冬季3次修剪后产生了大量废弃枝条[1],这些废枝条仅少量做成肥料,多数被烧掉,不仅造成资源浪费,也造成环境污染。前人研究发现,葡萄枝条中含有大量纤维素、木质素、蛋白质等营养成分,目前已有一些利用葡萄枝条栽培食用菌的应用研究[2-4],但鲜见在灵芝(Ganoderma Karst.)栽培上的应用报道。此外,杏鲍菇[Pleurotus eryngii(DC.ex.Fr.)Quel.]工厂化生产企业增加较多,工厂化模式生产的杏鲍菇菌袋只收一潮菇后即被丢弃,因此产生大量废菌渣,这些废菌渣含有丰富的营养物质,但没有被有效地再利用,已成为新的污染源[5,6],如将其与葡萄枝条合理配比,有望成为灵芝等食用菌的栽培新材料。……

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