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太行山野生艾蒿挥发油抗菌活性研究

2018-04-09朱红霞李鹏朱英慧胡林峰陈锡岭

湖北农业科学 2018年4期

朱红霞 李鹏 朱英慧 胡林峰 陈锡岭

摘要:为研究太行山野生艾蒿(Artemisia argyi)挥发油的抗菌活性,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取获得艾蒿挥发油,并以生长速率法和抑菌圈法分别测定其对5种植物病原真菌和4种病原细菌的抑菌活性。结果表明,艾蒿挥发油对水稻纹枯病菌(Thanatephorus cucumeris)、番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)和辣椒疫霉病菌(Phytophthora capsici)等3種供试植物病原真菌的EC50均低于0.100 mg/mL;在0.050 mg/mL浓度下,对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)的抑菌圈直径大于30 mm,对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和炭疽杆菌(B. anthraces)表现出中等强度抗菌活性,抑菌圈直径介于20~30 mm。

关键词:艾蒿(Artemisia argyi);挥发油;病原真菌;细菌;抗菌活性

中图分类号:O629 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)04-0060-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.04.015

Study on the Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil Extracted from Wild

Artemisia argyi in Taihang Mountains

ZHU Hong-xia, LI Peng, ZHU Ying-hui, HU Lin-feng, CHEN Xi-ling

(Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003,Henan,China)

Abstract: Essential oil from wild Artemisia argyi in Taihang Mountains was extracted by steam distillation. Growth rate method and oxford cup method were applied to test the antimicrobial activities against five plant pathogenic fungic and four bacteria. The results showed that the EC50 of essential oil were lower than 0.100 mg/mL against Thanatephorus cucumeris,Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora capsici. And the diameter of inhibition zone was more than 30 mm against Staphylococcus aureus under the concentration of 0.050 mg/mL. Moderate inhibition activities were determined against Bacillus subtilis and B. anthraces,and the diameter of inhibition zone located among 20~30 mm under the same concentration.

Key words: Artemisia argyi; essential oil; plant pathogenic fungic; bacteria; antimicrobial activity

植物是生物活性化合物的巨大天然宝库,其产生的次生代谢产物超过40万种,这些物质中很多具有抑菌作用,是发现新杀菌剂和杀菌化合物的较好开发资源,对农药的开发和利用有重要的意义。植物源农药具有低毒、低残留、与环境和谐、符合现代环保和人类健康需求的优点,越来越引起世界各国高度重视,近几年掀起了一个研究开发植物源农药的高潮。在仿生杀菌剂研究中,植物被公认为是筛选先导化合物的最佳资源,因此开发利用植物资源用于有害生物防治的前景十分广阔。

长期的实践经验和药理研究表明,艾蒿(Artemisia argyi)具有很好的防霉、抑制病原细菌的能力,对部分植物病虫害也有一定的作用。艾蒿挥发油的抗菌活性一直以来得到科研人员的关注[1]。已有研究表明,艾蒿挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus nige)等微生物具有较强的抑制作用[2-4]。……

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