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内镜在狭小伤口清创术中的应用

2018-03-21张凯梁磊陈来照

中国现代医生 2018年2期

张凯 梁磊 陈来照

[摘要] 目的 探讨神经内镜在对狭小且深的伤口行清创术时的应用及优势。 方法 回顾性分析2015~2016年间的4例伤口狭小且深的患者在神经内镜辅助下行清创术的临床资料,其中2例伴有脑脊液漏,2例伴有伤口感染。结果 在不增加新创伤的情况下,4例患者伤口均一期愈合,术后未再有脑脊液漏或伤口感染。 结论 对狭小且深的伤口行清创术时,尤其是伤口呈“倒漏斗状”时,应用神经内镜有助于扩展手术视野,减少手术死角,提高手术精细程度,以使清创更彻底,疗效明显,并使手术更加微创,术后并发症少。

[关键词] 内镜;神经外科;清创术;脑脊液漏;延迟愈合

[中图分类号] R657.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)02-0060-02

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application and advantages of neuroendoscopy in debridement of small and deep wounds. Methods Clinical data of 4 patients with small and deep wounds who underwent endoscopic assisted debridement from 2015 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 2 patients had cerebrospinal fluid leakage and 2 patients had wound infection. Results In the absence of new wounds, all the wounds in 4 patients healed by first intention, and no CSF leakage or wound infection occurred after operation. Conclusion When debridement is performed on small and deep wounds, especially when the wound is in the shape of "inverted funnel", the application of endoscopic neurosurgery can help to expand the operative field, reduce the operative dead angle and improve the surgical precision so as to make the debridement more thorough, with obvious curative effect, and to make the operation more minimally invasive and fewer postoperative complications.

[Key words] Endoscopy; Department of Neurosurgery; Debridement; Cerebrospinal fluid leakage; Delayed healing

1910年美國泌尿外科医师Lespinasse在芝加哥首次应用硬质膀胱镜对2例患有脑积水的患儿实施侧脑室脉络丛电灼术[1],他开创了神经外科应用内镜的先河。但由于受高精密技术的限制、光学技术及生产工艺的影响,神经内镜技术一直发展比较缓慢。近十余年随着计算机影像、现代光学技术及显微手术器械的发展,神经内镜技术发展迅速,与传统神经外科手术相比,具有视角宽、创伤小、省时及预后好等优点,其应用范围基本覆盖了神经外科的各个领域,尤其在脑室系统以及颅底病变的治疗中体现出不可替代的优势[2-3]。但关于神经内镜在清创术方面的应用报道较少,我科在2015~2016年间,在神经内镜辅助下对4例狭小且深的伤口行清创术。手术在未扩大原伤口的情况下,不仅清创彻底,还修补了破损的硬膜,使伤口均一期愈合,疗效满意,现报道如下。……

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