龚一 黄银欢 黄肖肖 娄菊红 王斌

[摘要] 目的 分析应用外置解剖型跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨骨折患者的护理。 方法 选取2014年6月～2017年1月我院收治的94例采用外置解剖型跟骨锁定钢板治疗的跟骨骨折患者予以分组，按照硬币法分为对照组和研究组，每组47例。对照组实施常规护理，研究组实施综合护理干预，观察比较两组临床护理效果、并发症情况、护理满意度及相关知识掌握程度。 结果 对照组优良率、护理满意度均明显低于研究组，组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；研究组并发症发生率低于对照组，组间具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。研究组应用外置解剖型跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨骨折后相关知识掌握程度与对照组患者比较，获得明显改善（P<0.05）。 结论 对应用外置解剖型跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨骨折患者开展护理干预，可显著提高临床疗效和护理满意度，改善足关节功能，减少并发症，值得临床采纳和大力推广。

[关键词] 跟骨骨折；外置解剖型跟骨锁定钢板；护理； 满意度

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）02-0145-04

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the nursing of patients with calcaneal fractures treated with external anatomical calcaneal locking plate. Methods 94 patients with calcaneal fractures who were admitted to our hospital and treated with external anatomical calcaneal locking plate from June 2014 to January 2017 were selected. According to the coin method， the patients were divided into control group and study group， with 47 pattients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care， and the study group was given comprehensive nursing intervention. The clinical nursing effect， complications， nursing satisfaction and mastering degree of related knowledge were observed and compared between the two groups. Results The excellent and good rate and nursing satisfaction in the control group were both significantly lower than those in the study group， and there were statistically significant differences between the two groups（P<0.05）； the incidence rate of complications in the study group was lower than the control group， the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The mastering degree of related knowledge of the application of external anatomical calcaneal locking plate in the treatment of calcaneal fractures in the study group was significantly improved compared with the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nursing intervention for the patients with calcaneal fractures treated by external anatomical calcaneal locking plate can significantly improve clinical efficacy and nursing satisfaction， improve foot joint function， and reduce complications， which is worthy of clinical application and widespread promotion.

[Key words] Calcaneal fractures； External anatomical calcaneal locking plate； Nursing； Satisfaction

跟骨骨折屬于较常见的一种跗骨骨折，高空坠落导致足跟先着地是引起此类骨折的主要原因。后跟肿胀、疼痛、形成瘀斑是患者的主要症状表现，严重者会出现足内翻障碍、踝部下移无法负重等情况[1-3]。目前临床广泛应用切开复位内固定方式治疗跟骨骨折，但治疗过程中出血量较大、易损伤软组织，术后钢板四周皮肤边缘坏死等并发症发生率较高[4-6]。虽然外置解剖型跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨骨折具有创伤小、低感染风险、关节面复位容易操控等优点，但也给患者生活上带来一些不便，如盖被时怕刮到外置钢板产生疼痛，不能方便穿鞋袜。科学有效的护理干预有利于避免不必要的损伤，降低并发症发生危险，提高骨折复位和固定效果，避免再次手术操作对患者造成的伤害[7]。本文选取我院收治的94例采用外置解剖型跟骨锁定钢板治疗的跟骨骨折患者予以分组，现报道如下。……