李磊+陈爱晶+陈鹏举

[摘要] 目的 探讨综合护理干预在直肠癌低位前切除术（Dixon）患者围术期中的应用效果。 方法 2012年2月～2016年1月选择在北京大学肿瘤医院诊治的直肠癌患者86例，根据信封法分为观察组与对照组，每组各43例。所有患者都给予Dixon手术，对照组在围术期采取常规护理方法，观察组在对照组基础上给予综合护理干预，记录两组预后情况与护理满意度。 结果 观察组的排气时间、排便时间与术后住院时间明显少于对照组（P < 0.05）。出院时观察组护理满意度明显高于对照组（P < 0.05）。术后1个月，观察组并发症发生情况明显低于对照组（P < 0.05）。 结论 综合护理干预在直肠癌Dixon术患者围术期护理中的应用，有利于患者康复，减少并发症的发生，且能提高患者的护理满意度。

[关键词] 综合护理干预；直肠癌；低位前切除术；护理满意度

[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2017）12（a）-0163-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the applying values of comprehensive nursing intervention in perioperative period of rectal cancer patients underwent Dixon. Methods From February 2012 to January 2016， 86 patients with rectal cancer in Peking University Cancer Hospital were selected and divided into observation group and control group by envelope method， with 43 cases in each group. All patients were treated with Dixon， and the control group was treated with the perioperative routine nursing， while the observation group was treated with comprehensive nursing care based on the control group. The prognosis and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were recorded. Results The exhaust time， defecation time and postoperative hospital stay in the observation group were significantly less than that those in the control group （P < 0.05）. At discharge， the nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group （P < 0.05）. One month after operation， occurrence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The comprehensive nursing intervention can be conducive to the rehabilitation of patients， reduce the incidence of complications， and improve nursing satisfaction of patients， which is applied in perioperative nursing in patients with rectal cancer underwent Dixon.

[Key words] Comprehensive nursing intervention； Rectal cancer； Low anterior resection； Nursing satisfaction

直肠癌是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤，当前随着生活方式和饮食习惯的变化，使我国的直肠癌发病率逐年上升，发病率和死亡率分别占所有癌症的前五名[1]。不过随着影像学诊断技术的进步，直肠癌多能在早期发现，从而能够进行早期手术治疗[2-3]。围术期护理是当前直肠癌患者预后恢复中重要的组成部分之一，良好的围术期护理能减少手术患者的生理及心理创伤应激，加快患者术后恢复[5-6]。心理护理干预是在质量控制的基础上发展起来的，是更注重患者心理过程的一种新的护理管理模式，有助于促进患者在疾病状况下控制病情进展，保持心理平衡[7-8]。流程护理干预是由医院各部门、相关专家依据疾病与手术方法制订的有时间性的护理计划，使得患者获得最佳的护理品质，有利于患者的健康行为朝向有利康复方面发展，从而减少护理的延迟及资源的浪费[9-10]。……