刘海林 冯婉宁 窦英杰 陶玉 张亚洲

摘 要 为考察不同水煮时间对药用植物（以根茎为药用部位）抗氧化活性的影响，选取高良姜等17种药用植物为试验材料，分别测定30、60和90 min水煮时间水煮液中活性成分总多酚、总黄酮含量。采用DPPH法、抗脂质过氧化物法和还原能力评价其抗氧化性能，并采用Pearson法进行相关性分析。在所测试的17种药用植物中，水煮60 min的桔梗水煮液总多酚含量和水煮30 min高良姜水煮液总黄酮含量最高，其值分别为（299.94±6.85）mg GAE/g和（387.73±34.73）mg QE/g；水煮30 min的人参水煮液DPPH自由基清除能力最强和水煮60 min的高良姜水煮液还原力最大，其值分别为（215.81±7.61）μmol VC/g和（333.86±3.85）μmol VC/g；然而水煮时间对脂质过氧化抑制能力最强的姜黄水煮液（277.32±0.25） μmol VC/g影响差异不显著。显然，水煮时间对所测试的药用植物水煮液的活性物质总多酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性（DPPH自由基清除能力、还原力和脂质过氧化抑制能力）的影响因药用植物种类而异。这将为进一步开发利用高良姜等17种药用植物的抗氧化活性成分提供科学依据。

关键词 药用植物 ；水煮时间 ；总多酚 ；总黄酮 ；抗氧化

中图分类号 S567 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2018.10.012

Abstract To study the effect of cooking time on the antioxidant activity of 17 medical plants （rootstocks are usually used as medicinal parts） including Alpinia officinarum Hance， the bioactive components （such as total phenolic and total flavonoid ） contents were measured from aqueous extracts cooked with different times （30， 60 and 90 minutes ）， and their antioxidant activity was analyzed by DPPH， reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation method， respectively. The results showed the aqueous extract of Alpinia officinarum Hance cooked for 30 minutes had highest total phenolic content value of（299.94±6.85）mg GAE/g； Platycodon grandiflorus （Jacq.） A. DC. cooked for 60 minutes had the highest of flavonoid content value of（387.73±34.73）mg GAE/g； the aqueous extract of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. cooked for 30 minutes and Lonicera hypoglauca. cooked for 60 minutes had the highest of DPPH free radical scavenging ability [（215.81±7.61）μmol VC/g] and reducing power [（333.86±3.85） μmol VC/g]， respectively； the aqueous extract of Curcuma longa L.had the highest of lipid peroxidation inhibitory ability with about [（277.32±0.25） μmol VC/g]， however the effect of cooking time was not obviously on the lipid peroxidation inhibitory ability. Obviouly， the effect of cooking time on the bioactive components （such as total phenolic and total flavonoid ） contents and their antioxidant activity （such as DPPH， reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation method ） were depend of different kinds of medical plants used in this study， which could provide scientific basis for further explore on antioxidant of 17 medical plants whose rootstocks are usually used as medicinal parts，such as including Alpinia officinarum Hance.

Keywords Medical plants ； Aqueous extract ； Total polyphenols ； Total flavonoids ； Antioxidant activity

隨着人们对健康的日益关注，从植物中寻找安全、无毒的天然抗氧化剂成了研究热点[1-4]。已有研究表明，许多植物具有丰富的生物活性成分及良好的抗氧化活性[5-8]。

我国素有“药食同源、药食同理、药食同用”的传统思想和悠久历史，到2014年，国家卫计委已确立了101种“既是食品又是药品”和114 种“可用于保健食品”的药食同源材料。从食用安全性和保健功效两方面综合考虑，药食两用植物是筛选抗氧化功能性食品资源的首选[9-12]。……