胡经文 刘美丽 郭燕

[摘要] 目的 探讨微课堂结合体验式教学在心内科护生外周静脉留置针临床操作带教中的应用效果。 方法 根据护生临床实习入科时间分组，选择2017年7～8月在西安交通大学第一附属医院心内科实习的37名护生作为对照组，选择9～10月实习的40名护生作为观察组。对照组按照传统的留置针操作带教方式进行临床带教，观察组实施微课堂结合体验式教学；观察两组护生对教学效果评价情况和理论、操作考核成绩。 结果 观察组护生的理论、操作考试成绩高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。观察组护生对教学效果评价结果优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）。 结论 微课堂结合体验式教学能够激发护生学习的主动性，提升外周静脉留置针操作学习效果；护生对该教学方法的接受和认可度较高。

[关键词] 微课堂；体验式教学；护生；外周静脉留置针；

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2018）10（b）-0137-05

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of micro classroom combined with experiential learning in the clinical teaching of peripheral venous indwelling needle for nursing students in Department of Cardiology. Methods In Department of Cardiology， the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University， according to the time of clinical practice of nursing students， 37 nursing students from July to August 2017 were selected as the control group， and 40 nursing students from September to October 2017 were selected as the observation group. The control group was given the clinical practice according to the traditional needle operation mode， and the observation group was given the micro class combined with experiential learning， the evaluation of learning effect， theorety and operation examination results of nursing students in two groups were observed. Results The scores of theory and operation examination in the observation group were higher than the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05）. The evaluation results of nursing students in the observation group were better than the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. Conclusion The combination of micro classroom and experiential learning can stimulate the initiative of the nursing students and improve the learning effect of the peripheral venous indwelling needle operation， and the students′ acceptance and recognition of the learning method are high.

[Key words] Micro dassroom； Experiential learning； Nursing student； Peripheral venous indwelling needles

外周静脉留置针穿刺是临床常见的侵入性护理操作项目。外周静脉留置针也是心血管疾病患者首選的穿刺工具，其操作规范性直接影响着静脉治疗质量和患者对护理服务的满意程度。随着静脉治疗技术的发展，围绕外周静脉留置针操作开展了较多的培训和研究，但都主要关注于临床护士，针对护生的报道较少[1-5]。科室传统的外周静脉留置针操作带教方式是老师集中示教+护生在临床反复实践。这种带教模式缺乏对护生的观察、评估和判断能力的训练，且形式单一，受时间、场地等限制，培训效果不理想。“微课堂”主要以手机为主要移动视频载体，具有重复学习、不限时间和地点、资源易携带、针对性强等特点，学生接受度及满意度较高[6-7]。体验式教……