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小组化心理护理对精神分裂症患者保护性约束期间精神状态和依从性的影响

2018-01-13李玲刘卫红

上海医药 2018年24期
关键词:精神分裂症

李玲 刘卫红

摘 要 目的:探讨小组化心理护理对精神分裂症患者保护性约束期间精神状态和依从性的影响。方法:收集2016年1月至2017年11月接诊的56例精神分裂症患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各28例。对照组采用常规护理干预。观察组采用小组化心理护理干预。观察两组患者自知力、依从性、简明精神症状量表(BPRS)评分和阴性症状评定量表(SANS)评分。结果:观察组干预后自知力和依从性评分分别为(1.02±0.44)分和(1.15±0.68)分,对照组分别为(2.02±0.98)分和(2.06±0.77)分,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后BPRS各项评分和SANS各项评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:小组化心理护理对精神分裂症患者保护性约束期间精神状态和依从性有积极影响,能提高患者自知力和依从性,改善患者精神状态。

关键词 精神分裂症;小组化心理护理;依从性

中图分类号:R749.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2018)24-0028-03

Effect of group psychological nursing on mental state and compliance of schizophrenic patients during protective restraint

LI Ling, LIU Weihong

(Psychiatry Department of Corelle Hospital of Zhangshu, Zhangshu 331211, Jiangxi Province, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the effect of group psychological nursing on mental state and compliance of schizophrenic patients during protective restraint. Methods: A total of 56 patients with schizophrenia who were admitted from January 2016 to November 2017 were collected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group with 28 cases each. The control group received routine nursing intervention. The observation group adopted group psychological nursing intervention. The self-awareness, compliance, brief psychiatric rating scale(BPRS) score, and a scale for assessment of negative symptom(SANS) score of patients of the two groups were observed. Results: The scores of self-knowledge and compliance in the observation group were (1.02±0.44) and (1.15±0.68), respectively, those of the control group were (2.02±0.98) and (2.06±0.77), respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The BPRS scores and SANS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Group psychological nursing has a positive impact on mental state and compliance during protective constraints in patients with schizophrenia, can improve patient self-knowledge and compliance, and improve mental state of patients.

KEY WORDS schizophrenia; group psychological nursing; compliance

精神病患者往往因为精神症状,产生严重的兴奋躁动、自杀、自伤等多种不良事件,对患者进行强制性治疗或保护性约束措施,是减少不良情况发生的必要手段[1]。但是,保护性约束措施要使用恰当,避免伤害患者的自尊心,尽量不引起患者的逆反心理和敌对心理,甚至拒绝配合治疗[2]。已有研究显示,小组化心理护理可以减少精神病患者发生暴力行为的概率,提高患者的治疗依从性[3]。但该干预方法对于精神分裂症患者保护性约束期间方面的研究,相对较少。现将我院在该方面的研究报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

收集2016年1月至2017年11月接诊的56例精神病患者,均符合CCMD-3精神分裂症诊断标准[4],需要进行保护性约束。采用随机号码表将患者分为观察组和对照组各28例。观察组中男16例,女12例,年龄22~57岁,平均(33.31±5.27)歲;病程3~13个月,平均(7.95±2.37)个月;受教育年限4~10年,平均(7.65±1.35)年。……

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