朱学英

[摘要] 目的 分析性病門诊女性患者阴道分泌物检查的结果，探讨阴道感染的检出率、病原体与临床表现。方法 方便选取2016年6月—2017年6月在该中心性病门诊就诊的680例女性患者作为研究对象。常规采集阴道分泌物标本，对标本中的阴道毛滴虫、霉菌以及淋球菌进行检测和培养，观察总阳性率以及不同年龄、不同职业的病原体阳性率结果。结果 3种常见阴道感染病原体中，以霉菌感染的阳性率最高，阳性率达36.62%，与其他两组的感染阳性率相比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。待就业患者的阴道感染患病率明显高于其他职业的患者，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），其中霉菌感染率42.93%，滴虫感染率16.23%，淋球菌感染率15.18%。阴道滴虫感染情况各年龄组的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；55岁以上年龄患者霉菌感染阳性率明显高于其他年龄段患者，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；两组55岁以下患者的淋球菌感染阳性率均明显高于55岁以上患者，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 临床阴道感染以霉菌感染最为常见，不同年龄、不同职业的患者感染的病原体不尽相同，临床应详细收集患者资料，作出准确的诊断，指导预防和治疗。

[关键词] 性病；阴道分泌物检查；阴道感染

[中图分类号] R4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2018）09（b）-0181-03

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the results of vaginal secretion examination in female patients in STD clinics， and to investigate the detection rate， pathogen and clinical manifestations of vaginal infection. Methods A total of 680 female patients who were convenient admitted to the central STD clinic from June 2016 to June 2017 were selected as subjects. Routine collection of vaginal secretions samples， detection and culture of Trichomonas vaginalis， mold and gonococcal bacteria in the specimens， observe the total positive rate and the positive rate of pathogens of different ages and occupations. Results Among the three common vaginal infection pathogens， the positive rate of mold infection was the highest， and the positive rate was 36.62%， which was significantly different from the infection rate of the other two groups （P<0.01）. The prevalence of vaginal infection in patients who were employed was significantly higher than that in other occupations. The difference was statistically significant （P<0.01）， among which the fungal infection rate was 42.93%， the trichomoniasis infection rate was 16.23%， and the gonococcal infection rate was 15.18%. The incidence of vaginal trichomoniasis was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. The positive rate of fungal infection in patients over 55 years old was significantly higher than that in other age groups. There was significant statistical difference between the groups （P<0.01）； The positive rate of gonococcal infection in the two groups of patients under 55 years old was significantly higher than that in the patients over 55 years old， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.01）. Conclusion Clinical vaginal infections are most common with mold infections. The pathogens of patients of different ages and occupations are different. Clinical data should be collected in detail to make accurate diagnosis so as to guide prevention and treatment.

[Key words] Sexually transmitted diseases； Vaginal secretion examination； Vaginal infection

阴道分泌物是由以阴道粘液、子宫和宫颈内的腺体分泌液混合形成的液态分泌物，又称为白带[1-2]。当阴道分泌物出现异常时，多提示患者阴道存在感染或其他病变情况。目前临床常用白带检查来明确患者阴道是否存在感染或其他病变，常见的性传播阴道感染病原体有阴道滴虫、霉菌和淋球菌等[3]。为探讨阴道感染的检出率、病原体与临床表现，该文方便选取2016年6月至2017年6月在该中心性病门诊就诊的680例患者阴道分泌物检查结果进行分析，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

方便选取在该中心性病门诊就诊的680例女性患者作为研究对象。纳入标准：年龄≥20岁；有性生活经历。排除标准：月经期；妊娠期。所有患者的年龄均在20～62岁之间，平均年龄（32.35±3.22）岁。……