马尔尼菲青霉菌病感染160例临床分析
2017-12-19张东伟蓝冰叶萍孔晋亮
张东伟++++++蓝冰++++++叶萍++++++孔晋亮
[摘要] 目的 探討160例马尔尼菲青霉菌病(PSM)的临床特征与临床转归关系。 方法 回顾性分析2003年1月~2015年12月广西医科大学第一附属医院、柳州市人民医院收治的160例PSM患者的临床资料。 结果 纳入临床研究的160例患者,免疫正常33例,免疫受损127例;其首发临床表现依次为发热(92.1%)、贫血貌(89.3%)、消瘦(88.1%)、乏力(86.2%)、咳嗽(80.0%)、咳痰(76.3%)、皮肤损害(64.3%)、浅表淋巴结肿大(61.2%)、肝肿大(17.5%)、胸痛(16.2%)、骨关节痛(15.6%)、脾肿大(12.5%)、呼吸困难(11.2%)。PSM感染常见检出部位为血液最高(61.7%)、皮损分泌物培养(59.3%)、骨髓培养(57.1%)、皮损分泌物涂片(46.9%)、活检组织病理(43.5%)、骨髓涂片(32.0%)、肺泡灌洗液培养(28.0%)、痰培养(28.7%)、痰涂片(19.4%)。146例患者首次肺部CT检查,123例异常,肺部病灶数以同侧或两侧多发病变为主,部位以左下叶、右中叶最为多见,其次分布于右下叶、右上叶。影像学下病灶性质以结节或团块影最多见,其次为斑片渗出影、双肺弥漫粟粒病变、双肺弥漫磨玻璃样病变。160例中的132例患者经治疗后完全缓解或部分缓解82例、进展19例、死亡31例,其中免疫正常分别为24例、2例及3例,免疫受损分别为58例、17例及28例,免疫受损患者较免疫健全患者预后差,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.732,P < 0.05)。结论 PSM患者临床表现复杂多样,缺乏特异性,可累计全身各个系统,常见的病原菌检出部位为血、皮损处、骨髓等,胸部影像学表现缺乏特异性;该病缓解率低,死亡复发率高。临床及细菌室、放射科医师应提高对该病的临床特征与病原学检查的重视度,减少复发、恶化死亡的风险。
[关键词] 马尔尼菲青霉菌病;免疫受损;临床特征;转归
[中图分类号] R519 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)11(b)-0116-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and clinical outcomes of 160 cases Zhuang Autonomous Region marneffei (PSM). Methods From January 2003 to December 2015, clinical data of 160 patients with PSM in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and Liuzhou People′s Hospital were reviewed and analyzed. Results A total of 160 cases of PSM were diagnosed, including 33 cases of immunocompetent and 127 cases of immunodeficiency. The first clinical manifestations of PSM were fever (92.1%), anemic appearance (89.3%), weight loss (88.1%), fatigue (86.2%), cough (80.0%) , sputum (76.3%), skin lesions (64.3%), superficial lymphadenopathy (61.2%), hepatomegaly (17.5%), chest pain (16.2%), osteoarthritis (15.6%), splenomegaly (12.5%), dyspnea (11.2%). The common detected sites were blood(61.7%),skin lesion secretions smear (59.3%),bone marrow culture (57.1%), skin secretion smear (46.9%), biopsy histopathology (43.5%), bone marrow smear (32.0%), alveolar lavage cultivation (28.3%), sputum (28.7%), sputum smear (19.4%). There were 123 cases with abnormal pulmonary lesions through the first CT scan and the lesions mainly located at the same side or both sides and most of those located in the lower left lobe and right middle lobe, followed by the right lower lobe and the upper right lobe. The focus of the lesion was nodular or mass, followed by the patchy exudative, double diffuse miliary lesions and double lung diffuse ground-glass opacity. After treatment, 82 cases of patients were complete remission or partial remission , 19 cases of progression and 31 cases of death. In the immunized normal group, there were 24 cases of remission, 2 cases of progression and 3 cases of death. While in the immunized damage group were 58 cases of remission, 17 cases of progression and 28 cases of death. The prognosis in the immunized damage group was worse than that of the immunized normal group, with statistically significant difference (χ2=6.732,P < 0.05). Conclusion The clinical manifestations of PSM are complex and diverse, lack of specificity and could involving the whole system. The most commen detected sites are blood, skin lesions, bone marrow.endprint
The chest imaging performance is lack of specificity, The disease relief rate is low and the recurrence rate of death is high. Clinical and bacterial room, radiologists should pay much attention to the clinical characteristics of the disease and the pathogen examination, reduce the risk of recurrence and deterioration of death.
[Key words] Penicillium marneffei; Immune impairment; Clinical characteristics; Outcome
马尔尼菲青霉菌病(penicilliosis marneffei,PSM)是感染人体所致的一种机会性、有地域流行特征的深部真菌病,主要流行于东南亚国家及中国南部,中国北方偶有报道。是仅次于结核杆菌病、肺隐球酵母菌病之后,艾滋病患者的第三大机会感染性疾病[1-3]。……
