赵建峰

【摘 要】在煤泥水处理领域为了实现对煤泥水的沉降澄清，往往要利用界面性质对矿物颗粒进行处理。目前煤泥水难以处理的主要原因为：在煤泥水中，黏土类矿物容易泥化而难以沉降；矿物颗粒表面荷电，颗粒之间由于静电斥力和范德华力作用相互排斥，煤泥水处于稳定分散状态。目前在煤泥水处理中，主要借助于无机电解质、表面活性剂等方法，通过对矿物颗粒界面进行调控实现矿物聚团沉降，从而实现煤泥水沉降澄清。目前对煤泥水中矿物颗粒界面调控方法的作用机理需要进行深入的研究，需要深入研究药剂与矿物之间的作用机理提高药剂的选择性。

【关键词】煤泥水处理；界面性质；界面调控；表面活性剂；聚团沉降

中图分类号： TD985 文献标识码： A 文章编号：2095-2457（2017）23-0065-002

【Abstract】In order to realize the sedimentation and clarification of slime water in the field of slime water treatment， it is often necessary to utilize the interface properties to treat the mineral particles. At present， the main reason that slime water is difficult to handle is that： in slime water， clay minerals easily muddy and difficult to settle； mineral particles on the surface charge， due to electrostatic repulsion between particles and van der Waals forces mutually exclusive， slime water in a stable dispersion.At present， in slime water treatment， mainly by means of inorganic electrolytes， surfactants and other methods， through the regulation of mineral particles interface to achieve mineral agglomeration settlement， in order to achieve sedimentation clarification of slime. At present， the mechanism of action of mineral particle interface control in slime water needs to be further studied， and the mechanism of action between agent and mineral needs further study to improve the selectivity of agent.

【Key words】Slurry water treatment；Interface properties；Interface regulation；Surfactant；Agglomeration settlement

0 引言

颗粒界面调控就是采用各种方法改变颗粒表面性质，从而实现对颗粒界面的调控。目前在煤泥水处理领域为了实现对煤泥水的沉降澄清，许多学者将研究重点转向于研究界面调控，并提出了微细矿物疏水聚团、聚团沉降等。界面调控的理论基础为：（1）調节颗粒界面性质；（2）固相颗粒与不同界面（固相、液相、气相）之间的相互作用。界面调控不仅在煤泥水处理领域得到了应用，在化学工业等其他领域中界面调控也得到了广泛应用。表面活性剂在矿物颗粒界面调控中取得了良好的应用价值，并具有重要的研究价值。在煤泥水处理中，表面活性剂的亲水端伸入水中，疏水端与目标矿物吸附，从而改变矿物可浮性使矿物聚团沉降，达到使煤泥水沉降澄清的目的。……