邓欣++卜小莉++王三勇

摘 要 鉴于常规喷施农药防控瓜实蝇[Bactrocera cucurbitae（Coquillett）]效果差且持效期短，本试验通过设置0.1%阿维菌素RG定点喷雾和挂罐诱杀、诱蝇酮+80%敌敌畏EC挂罐诱杀和1.8%阿维菌素EC常规喷雾4个处理进行苦瓜瓜实蝇田间药效试验，评估药剂及其处理方式对瓜实蝇的防治效果，以提供该虫田间有效防控措施。结果表明：定点喷雾诱杀和挂罐诱杀持效性好，且防治时间越长药效越好。挂罐诱杀更具有明显的便捷性、安全性和灵活性。0.1%阿维菌素RG推荐使用浓度为90 mL/667 m2，定点喷雾诱杀喷10个点或挂罐诱杀挂10个誘集器，其防效均达80%以上。悬挂性诱罐时，每个诱芯滴1 mL诱蝇酮和1 mL80%敌敌畏EC，每667 m2挂4个诱集器，其防效也能达75%以上。

关键词 瓜实蝇 ；定点喷雾 ；挂罐 ；诱杀 ；效果评价

中图分类号 S436.429 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.10.015

Effect evaluation of attracting and killing Bactrocera cucurbitae in the field

DENG Xin1） BU Xiaoli2） WANG Sanyong2）

（1 Sanya City Modern Agricultural Inspection and Warning Center for the Prevention

and Control， Sanya， 572000

2 Institute of Plant Protection， Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory

for Prevention and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests ，Haikou， 571100）

Abstract In view of the characteristics of poor and short-term field efficacy for controlling Bactrocera cucurbitae by general spraying pesticide， we test 0.1% Abamectin RG treated with fixed-point spraying and hanging pot trap， Synonyms and 80% Dichlorvos EC with hanging pot traps， and 1.8% Abamectin EC with general spraying to provide the effective prevention and control measures by evaluate effect of B. cucurbitae in the field. Results show that the pesticide treatment with fixed-point spraying or hanging pot traps to control B. cucurbitae is better efficacy and longer persistent period than with general spraying. And the hanging pot trap is more safe， convenient and flexible use. The 0.1% Abamectin RG with fixed-point spraying equally spraying 10 points or hanging 10 pots trap in the bitter gourd field had good control effect on B. cucurbitae， the suitable dosage was 90 mL/667 m2， the control effect was over 80%. Hanging 4 pots trap respectively adding 1ml of Synonyms and 80% Dichlorvos EC， the control effect was above 75%.

Keywords Bactrocera cucurbitae ； fixed-point spraying ； handing pot trap ； attract-and-kill ； effect evaluation

瓜实蝇[Bactrocera cucurbitae（Coquillett）]属双翅目（Diptera）实蝇科（Tephritidae）果实蝇属（Bactrocera Macquart），俗称针蜂、瓜蛆，在我国属二类检疫害虫，是瓜类作物（苦瓜、冬瓜、南瓜、丝瓜等）的重要恶性害虫。瓜实蝇成虫飞翔讯捷，一旦遇到惊扰便逃走；雌虫以产卵管刺入幼瓜表皮内产卵，幼虫孵化后即钻进瓜内蛀食；老熟幼虫在瓜落前或瓜落后弹跳落地，钻入表土层化蛹[1-2]。这些习性造成对该虫的防治具有难治性，农民大多喷施化学农药效果很差，药效期短，有的甚至每天喷一次药都无法取得好效果，用药不当、多次（滥）施农药易造成农药高残留等问题。但该成虫具有白天活动，夏天中午高温烈日时，静伏于瓜棚或叶背，对黄色、糖、酒、醋及芳香物质有趋性的习性，可以各种诱杀途径来综合防控瓜实蝇[3-5]。……