程凤娴++巫彬芳++陈小娟++常恒++涂攀峰+龚林+张承林

摘要 为探讨钾硅钙肥在酸性红壤上茄子的施用效果，通过盆栽试验，研究了施用钾硅钙肥对茄子生长、养分积累及酸性红壤土壤理化性状变化的影响，旨在为酸性土壤的培肥、改良利用以及茄子高产提供科学依据和现实指导。结果表明，施用钾硅钙肥的处理茄子地上部生物量显著高于仅施用高磷型液体肥料①的处理，提高幅度13.3%。施用钾硅钙肥的处理对茄子植株钾吸收量显著高于相对应仅施用高磷型液体肥料的处理，分别提高了35.6%和44.0%。施用钾硅钙肥的处理显著提高土壤的pH值，分别提高1.13、0.86个单位。施用钾硅钙肥有利于促进茄子体内的磷、钾养分积累，能够显著提高土壤中pH值、改良土壤酸性、改善土壤的供肥能力。

關键词 茄子；钾硅钙肥；酸性红壤；改良酸性；养分积累

中图分类号 S641.1；S147.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2017）20-0068-03

Effects of Potassium-Silicon-Calcium Fertilizer on Eggplant Growth and Soil Properties on Acid Red Soil

CHENG Feng-xian 1 WU Bin-fang 2 CHEN Xiao-juan 2 CHANG Heng 2 TU Pan-feng 2 GONG Lin 3 ZHANG Cheng-lin 2 *

（1 Guangzhou Yixiang Agricultural Technology Co.，Ltd.，Guangzhou Guangdong 510650； 2 College of Resources and Environment，South China Agricultural University； 3 Dongguan Yixiang Liquid Fertilizer，Co.，Ltd）

Abstract A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer on eggplant growth，nutrient accumulation and soil physical and chemical properties，in order to provide the scientific basis and practical guidance for improving red acid soil fertility，soil utilization and high yield of eggplant. The results showed that the eggplant shoot biomass of potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than only use high phosphorus liquid fertilizer① treatment，increased by 13.3%. The eggplant K uptakes of potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than only use high phosphorus liquid fertilizer treatment，increased by 35.6%，44.0% respectively. Application of potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer treatment were significantly improved the soil pH value，increased by 1.13，0.86 respectively. Application of potassium-silicon-calcium fertilizer was advantageous to increase eggplant P，K accumulation. Meanwhile，it could be able to significantly increase the soil pH value and improve the soil acidity and ability.

Key words eggplant；potassium-silicon-calcium；acid red soil；improve soil acidity；nutrient accumulation

土壤酸化是土壤退化的一个重要方面，其直接影响到土壤质量，约40%的耕地土壤受到土壤酸化的影响[1]。近年来，随着工业化的持续推进、酸雨沉降不断增加、铵态氮肥大量使用等各种不合理的人类活动导致土壤酸化加剧，耕地酸性土壤面积呈增长趋势。我国的酸性土壤主要包括红壤、砖红壤等土壤，红壤主要分布于我国南部广阔的低山丘陵区，占全国土地面积的22%[2-3]。其中，砖红壤主要存在于海南岛以及广东的雷州半岛，酸性红壤中，有效磷含量低、铝离子活性高一直是限制作物生长的重要因素[4-5]。……