谭军

一、考纲要求

语法填空题的形式：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的适当形式。2015、2016、2017年的做题说明题目为：阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。大家需要注意的是，不是所有的空白处都只能填入1个单词，而是未给提示词的小题，所填入的内容仅为1个单词。2014年为“不多于3个单词”，这也说明高考考查的内容更具体，答案更唯一。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、动词的时态语态、名词的单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填的内容。

二、题型特点

本题型在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（1个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式。虽然考查的题型变了，但考查的宗旨没有变，即该题型依旧考查考生对词汇和语法基础知识的掌握情况，不同的是新题型强调运用，更能体现考生的能力。

三、解题策略

以2017年全国高考英语试卷II语法填空试题为例。

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 （crowd） on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road， 63 （lay） the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done， the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines 65 （use） to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 （fair）unpleasant for the passengers， with all the smoke and noise.However， the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months， more than 25，000 people were using 67 every day.

Later， engineers 68 （manage） to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道）， which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69 （introduce） of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 （success） of these new lines， and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages， and proved extremely popular with the public.

解題步骤及备考建议

Step l ：阅读全文，理解大意

解答语法填空题，首先应该迅速浏览全文，了解全文主旨，要做到这一点主要从以下三方面入手：首先，要抓住文章的首尾句；一般文章会在首句给出一个提纲挈领或提供背景信息的句子；……