刘雄

[摘要] 目的 建立饮用水中硒和铅的双道原子荧光光度计同时测定方法。方法 对生活饮用水中的硒和铅采用氢化物发生-断续流动注射技术测定。饮用水的硒和铅在酸性介质中与硼氢化钾反应生成氢化硒和氢化铅。氢化物以氩气为载气，被导入电热石英原子化器中，对其原子化。通过特种空芯阴极灯对原子化后物质进行照射，硒和铅的原子荧光信号用双道原子荧光光谱仪同时进行检测。结果 硒浓度为5～20 μg/L时，其相对标准偏差分别为：3.98%～1.28% （n=10）；其平均回收率分别为：87.0% ～100.5%。铅浓度为浓度为5～20 μg/L时，其相对标准偏差分别为：4.59%～2.66% （n=10）；其平均回收率分别为：88.4%～102.3%。结论 该方法对于饮用水中的硒和铅同时进行检测是有效可行的。

[关键词] 饮用水；硒；铅；双道原子荧光光度计法

[中图分类号] R4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2017）06（b）-0055-02

[Abstract] Objective To establish the simultaneous determination method of dual channel atomic fluorescence photometers of selenium and lead in drinking water. Methods The selenium and lead in drinking water was measured by the hydride generation-flow injection technique， and the reaction of selenium and lead in drinking water and potassium borohydride were produced as selenium hydride and lead hydride in acid medium， and the hydride was imported into electric heating quartz atomizer for atomization， after the radiation of special hollow cathode modulation to atomization materials， the atomic fluorescence signals of selenium and lead were given the simultaneous determination by the double-pass atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. Results When the concentration of selenium was 5～20 μg/L， the relative standard deviation was respectively 3.98%～1.28%（n=10）， and the average recycle rate was 87.0%～100.5%， when the lead concentration was 5～20 μg/L， the relative standard deviation was respectively 4.59%～2.66%（n=10）， and the average recycle rate was respectively 88.4%～102.3%. Conclusion Simultaneous determination method of dual channel atomic fluorescence photometers of selenium and lead in drinking water is feasible and effective.

[Key words] Drinking water； Selenium； Lead； Dual channel atomic fluorescence photometer

水是十分寶貴的不可再生的自然资源，饮用水的安全深深地影响着人类的健康、社会的稳定以及各个国家的发展。随着全球加快的工业化进程、人口数量的增长、经济的快速发展，饮用水资源的污染也在日益加剧。即使是没有被污染的饮用水，也不一定都符合饮用标准。饮用水中的重金属是常见的污染物，也是饮用水质量检测的重要指标[1]。目前对于饮用水中的重金属的检测方法主要有氢化物发生-原子吸收法、分光光度法、氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法等[2]，但这几种方法只能对单一重金属元素进行检测，如果需要检测的重金属元素种类较多时，这几种方法操作繁琐，耗时长。……