双凡+李昂

摘要： 农业是人类的衣食之源、生存之本，是国民经济的基础，是国家自立、社会安定的基础。聚焦中国的粮食安全就必须提到作为中国人主粮的水稻，该研发技术的先进与否直接决定了我国的粮食产量与粮食安全。本文运用文献分析法、数理统计法、对比分析法、专利情报计量分析法以及定性与定量分析相结合的方法针对全球范围内转基因水稻研发的专利数据进行分析，研究我国转基因水稻研发与世界整体发展形势的对比情况以及存在的优势劣势。通过总结我国在转基因水稻研发领域中的优势与不足，针对存在的问题提出相应的解决方法，以明确我国的优势所在，扬长避短，为我国的转基因水稻研发提供参考意见。

Abstract： Agriculture is the source of human food and clothing and the foundation of the national economy， also is the foundation of national self-reliance， social stability. Focusing on the food safety in China is referred to as Chinese staple food of rice. Whether the R & D technology is advanced or not directly determines the grain output and food security in China. In this paper， we use the method of literature analysis， mathematical statistics， comparative analysis， patent intelligence measurement analysis as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis to analyze the patent data of transgenic rice research and development worldwide， and study the contrast between the research and development of transgenic rice in China and the world as a whole， and the advantages and disadvantages of it. Finally through summarizing the advantages and disadvantages in the field of transgenic rice research in China， and in view of the existing problems， this paper puts forward the corresponding solving methods， in order to clear our advantages， foster strengths and provide a reference for transgenic rice research and development in China.

關键词： 专利预警；情报分析；转基因水稻；粮食安全

Key words： patent early warning；information analysis；transgenic rice；food security

中图分类号：G353.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-4311（2017）32-0225-09

0 引言

水稻作为世界第一大粮食作物，是世界上超过一半人口的主粮。转基因水稻，是指通过转基因技术将不同品种水稻或外源物种的某些控制特定性状表达的基因导入某种水稻基因组内进而培育出的具有高产、品质性状改良、抗虫、抗除草剂、抗病、抗逆等性状的水稻。自上世纪80年代末世界首次成功培育转基因水稻之后，世界各国对转基因水稻研究的速度日益加快，至今30年间，各国科学家利用农杆菌介导转化技术、花粉管通道技术、基因枪技术等转基因技术方法已成功将来自于外源植物的抗除……