静态留矿法在某矿区薄矿脉群开采中的应用
2017-10-21袁诚赵之连
袁诚+赵之连
摘要: 浅孔留矿法开采某矿区薄矿脉群存在围岩片帮、夹层失稳和矿石损失、贫化等问题。为此,借鉴削壁充填法放矿工艺,提出静态留矿法技术方案,并在该矿区3~7线实施工业实验。生产实践表明,静态留矿法在采场内用圆木和水泥砂浆架设溜矿井,专用于局部放矿,一方面避免了矿石流动对围岩的破坏,另一方面溜矿井和存窿矿石支撑围岩,维护了围岩的稳定性,确保采场能够顺利上采,取得了良好的经济效益。
Abstract: Surrounding rock rib spalling, dissection instability, ore loss, dilution ore drawing were problems existing in mining the thin ore vein group in a mining area through the short-hole shrinkage method. Based on this, a technical proposal based on static shrinkage method was proposed, using ore drawing technology by cutting walls and filling method for reference, meanwhile, industrial experiment was conducted on line 3 to line 7 in the mining area. Practice showed that the static shrinkage method when using logs and cement mortared to erect ore chute, which is exclusively used for local-drawing, for one thing, could avoid the damage to surrounding rock when ore drawing, for another thing, ore chute and surrounding rock supported by remained ore could maintain the stability of surrounding rock, ensure the mining successfully in stope, and gain gorgeous economic benefit.
关键词: 浅孔留矿法;静态留矿法;溜矿井;围岩稳定
Key words: short-hole shrinkage method;static shrinkage method;ore chute;tability of surrounding rock
中图分类号:TD853 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2017)32-0136-02
1 矿区概况
某矿区为岩浆期后高~中温气化热液充填石英脉型多金属矿床,矿种以钨、锡为主,伴生铜、铅、锌等多种金属。矿区矿化面积1.5平方公里,工业矿体24条,矿体呈脉状或脉带产出,分布于9~18线,倾角67~88°,大部分83~88°。矿区共设有330m、380m、430m、485m、535m、575m、615m、657m、700m、740m和805m共11个中段,485m(主平窿)中段以上采取平窿加溜井开拓,485m中段以下采取平窿加盲竖井加斜井开拓,380m和430m为目前生产作业中段。
2 现有开采技术存在的问题
该矿区采用浅孔留矿法进行开采,在薄矿脉群区域存在以下问题[1-3]:①矿脉不规则产出,形态复杂,在走向、倾向上均有尖灭再(側)现和波状弯曲变化,很难实现兼采,资源损失严重;②矿脉间距尴尬,采用矿脉合采的回收方式,必然造成矿石贫化,出矿品位大幅下降,采用矿脉分采的回收方式,当一个采场开采结束后,夹层和相邻采场易产生大变形和裂缝,甚至发生冒顶和片帮事故,作业安全无法保障;……
