宋露露

[摘要]目的：探讨自我效能干预对暴露部位烧伤整形患者的生存质量及焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响。方法：选择2015年1月-2017年5月本院收治的烧伤整形患者106例为研究对象，根据护理方式不同分为两组，对照组（n=55）采取常规护理，观察组（n=51）在对照组基础上给予自我效能护理干预，对两组患者的烧伤健康量表评分，自我效能评分及焦虑、抑郁情况进行分析比较。结果：经过自我效能干预后，观察组一般健康状况、躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能评分明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组自我效能总分高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组患者焦虑、抑郁评分明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：自我效能干预可以通过提高自我效能感改善暴露部位烧伤患者的生活质量，减轻其焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪。

[关键词]自我效能干预；烧伤；生存质量；焦虑；抑郁

[中图分类号]R473.6 [文献标志码]B [文章编号]1008-6455（2017）09-0112-03

Effect of Self-efficacy Intervention on Prognosis in Burn Patients with Exposed Sites

SONG Lu-lu

（Service Station on the Second Floor of Outpatient，Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Shanghai 200021，China）

Abstract： Objective To investigate the effect of self-efficacy intervention on quality of life and anxiety and depression in burn patients with exposed sites. Methods 106 patients with burn plastic surgery in our hospital from January 2015 to May 2017 were selected as the subjects， divided into two groups according to different nursing styles. The observation group （n=51） given the self-efficacy of nursing intervention based on routine nursing， the control group （n=55） received routine nursing care. The scores of burn health scale， self efficacy scores， anxiety and depression were compared between the two groups. Results After self-efficacy intervention， general health status， physical function， psychological function， social function scores in observation group were significantly higher than the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total scores of self-efficacy in the observation group were higher than those in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Anxiety and depression score in the observation group after the intervention was significantly lower than the control group， the difference has statistical significance （P<0.05）. Conclusion Self-efficacy intervention can improve the quality of life of burn patients at the exposed sites by improving self-efficacy， and reduce the incidence of anxiety， depression and other adverse emotions.

Key words： self-efficacy intervention； burn； quality of life； anxiety； depression

燒伤（burn）是一种由外界热力引起的皮肤、黏膜损伤，属于意外伤害，是医院烧伤科常见疾病[1]。烧伤痊愈后患者暴露部位仍可遗留明显瘢痕，可严重影响患者生存质量[2]，大面积严重烧伤患者体表瘢痕裸露可能导致焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪产生，对患者身体和心理都带来沉重负担，影响其对生活的信心，严重时甚至会危机患者及其家人的生活质量[3-4]。自我效能（Self-efficacy）是指成功达成特定目标所需要的信心、信念、预期及其感知，属于社会学习理论范畴。近年来有学者指出将自我效能干预措施应用到患者护理中，对患者身体的恢复具有重要的积极作用[5]。本文通过分析自我效能干预对暴露部位烧伤整形患者生存质量及焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响，为暴露部位烧伤患者治疗及康复护理方案的制定提供参考。……