聚苯胺/纳米镍复合材料的制备及屏蔽性能

2017-10-17李小瑞王瑞芳费贵强王海花

陕西科技大学学报 2017年5期

关键词：质量

李小瑞，王瑞芳，费贵强，王海花，罗璐

(陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室，陕西西安 710021)

聚苯胺/纳米镍复合材料的制备及屏蔽性能

李小瑞，王瑞芳，费贵强，王海花，罗璐

(陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室，陕西西安 710021)

以纳米镍和苯胺为原料，柠檬酸(C6H8O7)为掺杂剂，过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂，聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(OP-10)为分散剂，采用原位聚合法制备不同质量比的聚苯胺/纳米镍复合物.研究表明：复合物中Ni与PANI之间不存在化学相互作用，但聚苯胺/纳米镍复合材料结构为纳米镍球吸附于棒状聚苯胺，形成网状结构.用制备的聚苯胺/纳米镍复合粉作为填料，水性聚氨酯作为基底制成复合膜，讨论不同质量比的复合物的电导率及电磁屏蔽效能，得到在原位聚合法制备的复合物中纳米镍与苯胺质量比为1∶3时，复合物的电导率达到最大值1.82 S/cm，且制备的复合膜的屏蔽效能比其他复合物制备的复合膜的屏蔽效能均较好，当填料为25%时，屏蔽效能在3.6到5.36 GHz频率范围内达到最高值66.5 dB.

纳米镍；聚苯胺；复合膜；屏蔽效能

Abstract:Polyaniline/nano-nickel composites of different mass ratio were prepared by in-situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of nano-nickel,using ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant,citric acid (C6H8O7) as dopant and polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether (OP-10) as dispersant.The results indicated that there is no chemical interaction between polyaniline and nano Nickel in the composite.And network structure was formed based on the adsorption of nano-nickel onto rod-like polyaniline.The composite films were prepared with polyaniline/nano-nickel composite powder as fillers and water-based polyurethane as matrix.The conductivity of the composite and electromagnetic shielding performance of the film with different mass ratio were investigated.The electrical conductivity of the composite reached 1.82 S/cm when the mass ratio of nano-nickel to aniline was 1∶3.The composite film displayed the optimum shielding property when the mass ratio of nano-nickel to aniline was 1∶3.The shielding effectiveness increased to 66.5 dB in the frequency range of 3.6 to 5.36 GH when the filler content was 25%.

Keywords:nano nickel; polyaniline; composite films; shielding effectiveness