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1 045例新生儿听力筛查结果分析

2017-10-12崔丹宋岩马秀岚

中国医科大学学报 2017年10期
关键词:新生儿影响质量

崔丹,宋岩,马秀岚

(中国医科大学附属盛京医院耳鼻咽喉科,沈阳 110004)

1 045例新生儿听力筛查结果分析

崔丹,宋岩,马秀岚

(中国医科大学附属盛京医院耳鼻咽喉科,沈阳 110004)

目的应用相同测试方法,探讨相同测试状态下新生儿听力筛查结果的相关影响因素。方法随机选取2014年1月至6月于我院产科出生的母婴同室新生儿1 045例,应用ACCUSCREEN型耳声发射仪在出生后2 d进行听力筛查,记录筛查结果和新生儿出生时相关数据,包括胎数、出生体质量、孕周、耳别、性别和分娩方式,应用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行统计学分析。结果1 045例新生儿中,860例新生儿听力筛查通过,185例新生儿听力筛查未通过,通过率为82.3%。胎数、出生体质量、孕周、耳别与瞬态诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)通过率之间存在统计学差异,足月产新生儿通过率高于早产新生儿(P < 0.001),体质量较大的新生儿通过率高于低体质量新生儿(P = 0.003),右耳通过率高于左耳通过率(P < 0.001),单胎通过率高于多胎通过率(P < 0.001),而不同性别(P = 0.361)、不同分娩方式(P = 0.892)的TEOAE通过率无统计学差异。结论胎数、出生体质量、孕周、耳别影响新生儿听力初筛通过率,性别和分娩方式对听力筛查结果无明显影响。

新生儿听力筛查; 瞬态诱发耳声发射

Abstract ObjectiveTo evaluate factors influencing pass rates for newborn hearing screening under the same test conditions and using the same test methods.MethodsNewborn hearing screening was carried out in 1 045 randomly selected newborns in Shengjing Hospital from January to June 2014. The newborns were screened at 2 days of age using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE). Related factors,including the number of embryos,birth weight,gestational age,gender,and mode of delivery were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software.ResultsOf 1 045 newborns,860 (82.3%) passed the hearing screening test and 185 failed. The number of embryos,ear-side tested,gestational age,and birth weight significantly influenced the pass rate using TEOAE. Term infants had a higher pass rate than premature ones (P < 0.001). Heavier infants were more likely to pass (P = 0.003). Right ears had a higher pass rate than left ears (P < 0.001). Single babies had a higher pass rate than twins (P < 0.001). Gender (P = 0.361) and delivery mode (P = 0.892) did not affect the pass rate.ConclusionThe number of embryos,birth weight,gestational age,and ear-side tested affect newborn hearing screening results,but gender and mode of delivery show no significant effects on screening.

Keywordsnewborn; hearing screening; tensiently evoked otoacoustic emission

为了早期发现和诊断新生儿先天性听力障碍,我国现推广普遍的新生儿听力筛查[1],基本步骤分为初筛和复筛2个阶段。在新生儿出生后3 d进行初筛,未通过者42 d返回医院复筛,仍未通过者在出生3个月内再次复筛。对多次筛查不通过的婴儿进行全面的听力学检查,包括畸变产物耳声发射、声导抗测听、听性脑干反应、稳态听觉诱发电位,对诊断患有听力障碍的患儿进行康复指导和干预。……

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