徐 岩，郅 静

（华北电力大学新能源国家重点实验室，保定 071000）

基于改进节点电气介数的电网关键节点辨识

徐 岩，郅 静

（华北电力大学新能源国家重点实验室，保定 071000）

为提高电力系统运行安全水平，提出一种基于改进节点电气介数的电网关键节点辨识方法。以线路功率变量与节点注入功率变量之间的功率灵敏度矩阵为基础，结合节点类型的不同，计算改进节点电气介数识别电网的关键节点。综合考虑节点移除造成的负荷损失和节点受到注入功率扰动时的电网加权潮流分布熵，定义节点重要性指标衡量节点在负荷供电和功率传输中的作用，对关键节点识别结果进行检验。改进节点电气介数计算简单，克服了以往方法中假设节点间功率按最短路径传输的不足，同时考虑了线路中潮流的方向性。在IEEE39节点系统中对该方法进行验证，结果表明利用改进节点电气介数可有效识别电网负荷供电和功率传输中的关键节点。

电力系统；关键节点；改进节点电气介数；负荷损失；加权潮流分布熵

Abstract:To improve the operation safety level of power system，an identification method of key nodes in power grid is put forward based on improved node electric betweenness.On the basis of the power sensitivity matrix between line pow⁃er variable and nodal injection power variable，the improved node electric betweenness is calculated to identify key nodes according to the different types of nodes.Considering the load loss caused by node removal and the weighted pow⁃er distribution entropy with node injection power disturbance，node importance index is defined to measure the node function during the load power supply and power transmission，which is further used to verify the identification results of key nodes.With simple calculation，the improved node electric betweenness overcomes the shortcomings of the tradi⁃tional indexes which assume that the power goes along the shortest path between nodes，and it also considers the direc⁃tion of power flow.The simulation in IEEE 39-node system shows that the improved node electric betweenness can effec⁃tively identify the key nodes during the load power supply and power transmission.

Key words:power system；key node；improved node electric betweenness；load loss；weighted power distribution en⁃tropy

电力系统大停电事故中源发性故障主要来源于线路开断或母线跳闸[1-2]，其中母线跳闸会直接导致相连线路的移除，极有可能造成负荷损失，影响电网功率传输，具有更大的破坏性[3-4]。因此，识别电网负荷供电和功率传输中的关键节点，对其进行重点监测和保护，可有效提高电网的供电可靠性和运行安全水平。

文献[5]利用加权拓扑模型，将节点介数较大的节点作为关键节点，但该方法假设母线间功率只按最短路径流动，与电网潮流传输特点不符。……